Zakat & Charity

حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ أَخْبَرَنَا قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ قَالَ كَتَبَ نَجْدَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ فَشَهِدْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ حِينَ قَرَأَ كِتَابَهُ وَحِينَ كَتَبَ جَوَابَهُ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنْ أَرُدَّهُ عَنْ شَرٍّ يَقَعُ فِيهِ مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَلَا نَعْمَةَ عَيْنٍ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي عَنْ سَهْمِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى الَّذِي ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَنْ هُمْ وَإِنَّا كُنَّا نُرَى قَرَابَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ هُمْ فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا وَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ وَإِنَّهُ إِذَا بَلَغَ النِّكَاحَ وَأُونِسَ مِنْهُ رُشْدٌ دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ مَالُهُ وَقَدْ انْقَضَى يُتْمُهُ وَسَأَلَهُ هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْتُلُ مِنْ صِبْيَانِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَحَدًا فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقْتُلْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا وَأَنْتَ فَلَا تَقْتُلْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تَعْلَمُ مَا عَلِمَ الْخَضِرُ مِنْ الْغُلَامِ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ وَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ هَلْ كَانَ لَهُمَا سَهْمٌ مَعْلُومٌ إِذَا حَضَرُوا الْبَأْسَ وَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ سَهْمٌ مَعْلُومٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحْذَيَا مِنْ غَنَائِمِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ

It was narrated that Yazeed bin Hurmuz said: Najdah bin 'Amir wrote to Ibn 'Abbas asking him some questions. He said: I was present with Ibn 'Abbas when he read his letter and when he wrote his answer. Ibn 'Abbas said: By Allah, were it not in order to prevent him from falling into wickedness, I would not have written to him. May he never be honoured. He wrote to him (saying): You asked about the share of the kinsmen whom Allah mentioned - who are they? We used to think that the kinsmen referred to were the kinsmen of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), but our people denied that to us. You asked about the orphan and when he is no longer regarded as such. When he reaches the age of marriage and attains maturity of mind, then his wealth may be given to him, and he is no longer regarded as an orphan. You asked: did the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) kill any of the sons of the mushrikeen ? The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) did not kill any of them, so you should not kill any of them, unless you know about them what al-Khadir knew about the boy whom he killed. You asked about women and slaves, and whether they had any known share if they were present in battle? They were not given any known share, but they were given some reward from the booty.

كُنَّا نُرَى قَرَابَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ هُمْ فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا وَسَأَلَهُ ← اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَنْ هُمْ ← سَهْمِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى الَّذِي ← إِلَيْهِ إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي ← شَرٍّ يَقَعُ فِيهِ مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَلَا نَعْمَةَ عَيْنٍ ← ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنْ أَرُدَّهُ ← جَوَابَهُ ← أَشْيَاءَ، فَشَهِدْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ حِينَ قَرَأَ كِتَابَهُ، وَحِينَ ← نَجْدَةُ بَنُ عَامِرٍ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ ← يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ ← قَیْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، ← جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ، ← عَفَّانُ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ سَالِمٍ أَبُو جَهْضَمٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَفِتْيَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ فَسَأَلُوهُ هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَقَالُوا فَلَعَلَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي نَفْسِهِ قَالَ خَمْشًا هَذِهِ شَرٌّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ عَبْدًا مَأْمُورًا بَلَّغَ مَا أُرْسِلَ بِهِ وَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَخُصَّنَا دُونَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا بِثَلَاثٍ أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نُسْبِغَ الْوُضُوءَ وَلَا نَأْكُلَ الصَّدَقَةَ وَلَا نُنْزِيَ حِمَارًا عَلَى فَرَسٍ

'Abdullah bin 'Ubaidullah bin 'Abbas narrated: Some young men of Quraish and I entered upon Ibn 'Abbas (RA) and asked him: Did the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) recite Qur' an in Z uhr and ' Asr ? He said: No. They said: Perhaps he was reciting to himself. He said: Woe to you! This is worse than the first (thing you said). The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was just a slave who followed instructions and conveyed that with which he was sent. He did not say anything to us alone to the exclusion of the people, except in three things: he instructed us to do wudoo' properly, not to consume zakah, and not to mate a donkey with a mare.

خَمْشًا هَذِهِ شَرٌّ ← فَقَالُوا: فَلَعَلَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي نَفْسِهِ، ← لَا۔ ← فَسَأَلُوهُ: هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ، ← وَفِتْيَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى ابْن عَبَّاس، ← دَخَلْتُ ← عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ← مُوسَى بْنُ سَالِمٍ أَبُو جَهْضَمٍ، ← وُهَيْبٌ، ← عَفَّانُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ نُوَيْفِعٍ مَوْلَى آلِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ ضِمَامَ بْنَ ثَعْلَبَةَ أَخَا بَنِي سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ لَمَّا أَسْلَمَ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ فَرَائِضِ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ الصَّلَاةِ وَغَيْرِهَا فَعَدَّ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَيْهِنَّ ثُمَّ الزَّكَاةَ ثُمَّ صِيَامَ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ حَجَّ الْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ أَعْلَمَهُ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَسَأَفْعَلُ مَا أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ لَا أَزِيدُ وَلَا أَنْقُصُ قَالَ ثُمَّ وَلَّى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ يَصْدُقْ ذُو الْعَقِيصَتَيْنِ يَدْخُلْ الْجَنَّةَ

It was narrated from "Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) that when Dimam bin Tha'labah, a man of Banu Saad bin Bakr, became Muslim, he asked the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) about the obligatory duties of Islam, prayer, and so on. He listed for him the five prayers, and did not add anything else; then (he told him about) zakah, then fasting Ramadan, then pilgrimage to the House ( Hajj ), then he told him what Allah forbade to him. When he had finished he said: I bear witness that there is no God but Allah and I bear witness that you are the Messenger of Allah. I shall do what you instructed me, no more and no less. Then he turned to leave, and the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: "If the one with the two braids meant what he said, he will enter Paradise."

عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ← کُرَيْبٍ مَوْلَی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ نُوَيْفِعٍ مَوْلَى آلِ الزُّبَيْرِ ← ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ وَلَا يَفْرِضُ لَهَا يَعْنِي ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ خِلَاسٍ وَأَبِي حَسَّانَ الْأَعْرَجِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ اخْتَلَفُوا إِلَى ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فِي ذَلِكَ شَهْرًا أَوْ قَرِيبًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالُوا لَا بُدَّ مِنْ أَنْ تَقُولَ فِيهَا قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَقْضِي لَهَا مِثْلَ صَدُقَةِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهَا لَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ فَإِنْ يَكُ صَوَابًا فَمِنْ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَإِنْ يَكُنْ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنْ الشَّيْطَانِ وَاللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَرَسُولُهُ بَرِيئَانِ فَقَامَ رَهْطٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فِيهِمْ الْجَرَّاحُ وَأَبُو سِنَانٍ فَقَالُوا نَشْهَدُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى فِي امْرَأَةٍ مِنَّا يُقَالُ لَهَا بَرْوَعُ بِنْتُ وَاشِقٍ بِمِثْلِ الَّذِي قَضَيْتَ فَفَرِحَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ بِذَلِكَ فَرَحًا شَدِيدًا حِينَ وَافَقَ قَوْلُهُ قَضَاءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

Muhammad bin Ja'far said: What if a man gets married without naming the mahr, then he dies? Sa'eed narrated from Qatadah from Khilas and Abu Hassan al-A'raj from 'Abdullah bin 'Utbah bin Mas'ood that he said: They kept going to lbn Mas'ood (and asking this question) for a month or thereabouts, and they said: You have to give an answer concerning this matter. He said: I will give a verdict: she is entitled to a dowry like that of her peers, not much more and not much less; she has the right of inheritance and she has to observe the 'iddah. If it is correct then it is from Allah, may He be glorified and exalted; if it is wrong, then it is from me and the Shaitan, and Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, and His Messenger are innocent of it. Some men of Ashja', among whom were al-Jarrah and Abu Sinan, stood up and said: We bear witness that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) issued a verdict like this concerning one of our women whose name was Barwa' bint Washiq. Ibn Mas'ood rejoiced greatly at that because his verdict was in accordance with the verdict of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH).

عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ← خِلَاسٍ، وَأَبِي حَسَّانَ الْأَعْرَجِ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← سَعِيدٌ، ← الرَّجُلُ يَتَزَوَّجُ وَلَا يَفْرِضُ لَهَا يَعْنِي: ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ: ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَخِي ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتَبَ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَبَعَثَ كِتَابَهُ مَعَ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ وَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى عَظِيمِ بُصْرَى لِيَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ فَدَفَعَهُ عَظِيمُ بُصْرَى وَكَانَ قَيْصَرُ لَمَّا كَشَفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْهُ جُنُودَ فَارِسَ مَشَى مِنْ حِمْصَ إِلَى إِيلْيَاءَ عَلَى الزَّرَابِيِّ تُبْسَطُ لَهُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ قَيْصَرَ كِتَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ حِينَ قَرَأَهُ الْتَمِسُوا لِي مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مَنْ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِالشَّامِ فِي رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ قَدِمُوا تُجَّارًا وَذَلِكَ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبَيْنَ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَأَتَانِي رَسُولُ قَيْصَرَ فَانْطَلَقَ بِي وَبِأَصْحَابِي حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا إِيلْيَاءَ فَأُدْخِلْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسِ مُلْكِهِ عَلَيْهِ التَّاجُ وَإِذَا حَوْلَهُ عُظَمَاءُ الرُّومِ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَنَا أَقْرَبُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ نَسَبًا قَالَ مَا قَرَابَتُكَ مِنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّي قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَيْسَ فِي الرَّكْبِ يَوْمَئِذٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ غَيْرِي قَالَ فَقَالَ قَيْصَرُ أَدْنُوهُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِأَصْحَابِي فَجُعِلُوا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِي عِنْدَ كَتِفِي ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لِأَصْحَابِهِ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا عَنْ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَإِنْ كَذَبَ فَكَذِّبُوهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا الِاسْتِحْيَاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَنْ يَأْثُرَ أَصْحَابِي عَنِّي الْكَذِبَ لَكَذَبْتُهُ حِينَ سَأَلَنِي وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَحَيْتُ أَنْ يُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي الْكَذِبُ فَصَدَقْتُهُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لَهُ كَيْفَ نَسَبُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ فِيكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِينَا ذُو نَسَبٍ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ قَطُّ قَبْلَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ فِي الْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَأَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ اتَّبَعُوهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ فَيَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا وَنَحْنُ الْآنَ مِنْهُ فِي مُدَّةٍ وَنَحْنُ نَخَافُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَمْ تُمْكِنِّي كَلِمَةٌ أُدْخِلُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا أَنْتَقِصُهُ بِهِ غَيْرُهَا لَأَخَافُ أَنْ يُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي الْكَذِبُ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ أَوْ قَاتَلَكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ كَيْفَ كَانَتْ حَرْبُكُمْ وَحَرْبُهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ كَانَتْ دُوَلًا سِجَالًا نُدَالُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَرَّةَ وَيُدَالُ عَلَيْنَا الْأُخْرَى قَالَ فَبِمَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيَنْهَانَا عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُنَا وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ حِينَ قُلْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ فِيكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ فِيكُمْ ذُو نَسَبٍ وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي نَسَبِ قَوْمِهَا وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَطُّ قَبْلَهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَأْتَمُّ بِقَوْلٍ قِيلَ قَبْلَهُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَذَرَ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكْذِبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ آبَائِهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّ ضُعَفَاءَهُمْ اتَّبَعُوهُ وَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ حِينَ يُخَالِطُ بَشَاشَةَ الْقُلُوبِ لَا يَسْخَطُهُ أَحَدٌ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَقَاتَلَكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ قَدْ فَعَلَ وَأَنَّ حَرْبَكُمْ وَحَرْبَهُ يَكُونُ دُوَلًا يُدَالُ عَلَيْكُمْ الْمَرَّةَ وَتُدَالُونَ عَلَيْهِ الْأُخْرَى وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْتَلَى وَيَكُونُ لَهَا الْعَاقِبَةُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ بِمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَحْدَهُ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ وَالصَّلَاةِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ وَهَذِهِ صِفَةُ نَبِيٍّ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ وَلَكِنْ لَمْ أَظُنَّ أَنَّهُ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنْ يَكُنْ مَا قُلْتَ فِيهِ حَقًّا فَيُوشِكُ أَنْ يَمْلِكَ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَرْجُو أَنْ أَخْلُصَ إِلَيْهِ لَتَجَشَّمْتُ لُقِيَّهُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ لَغَسَلْتُ عَنْ قَدَمَيْهِ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُرِئَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنْ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدِعَايَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ وَأَسْلِمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللَّهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ إِثْمُ الْأَرِيسِيِّينَ يَعْنِي الْأَكَّارَةَ وَ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى مَقَالَتَهُ عَلَتْ أَصْوَاتُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الرُّومِ وَكَثُرَ لَغَطُهُمْ فَلَا أَدْرِي مَاذَا قَالُوا وَأَمَرَ بِنَا فَأُخْرِجْنَا قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِي وَخَلَصْتُ لَهُمْ قُلْتُ لَهُمْ أَمِرَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ هَذَا مَلِكُ بَنِي الْأَصْفَرِ يَخَافُهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زِلْتُ ذَلِيلًا مُسْتَيْقِنًا أَنَّ أَمْرَهُ سَيَظْهَرُ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ قَلْبِي الْإِسْلَامَ وَأَنَا كَارِهٌ

'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) wrote to Caesar, calling him to Islam. He sent his letter with Dihyah al-Kalbi, and the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) instructed him to give it to the ruler of Busra so that he could give it to Caesar. And the ruler of Busra gave it to Caesar. When Allah caused him to defeat the Persian troops, Caesar walked from Homs to Jerusalem on carpets that were spread out for him. 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) said: When the letter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) came to Caesar, he said when he read it: Find me one of his people so that I can ask him about the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: Abu Sufyan bin Harb told me that he was in Syria with some men of Quraish who had come for trade, and that was at a time when there was a truce between the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and the disbelievers of Quraish. Abu Sufyan said: The messenger of Caesar came to me and took me and my ompanions to Jerusalem, where we were admitted into his [Caesar's] presence. He was sitting in his royal court, wearing a crown and with the Byzantine leaders around him. He said to his interpreter: Ask them which of them is closest in lineage to this man who claims to be a Prophet. Abu Sufyan said: I am the closest in lineage to him. He said: What is your relationship to him? I said: He is my cousin (the son of my paternal uncle). Abu Sufyan said: On that occasion, there was no one else of Banu ' Abd Manaf in the caravan except me. Caesar said: Let him come close to me. Then he instructed that my companions should be made to stand behind me, at my shoulder. Then he said to his interpreter: Tell his companions that I am going to ask this one about this man who claims to be a Prophet, and if he lies they should say that he is lying. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah, were it not that it would have been shameful at that time for my companions to describe me as a liar, I would have lied when he asked me. But I felt that it was shameful to be described as a liar, so I told the truth about him. Then Caesar said to his interpreter: Say to him: What kind of lineage does this man have among you? I said: He is of a noble lineage among us. He said: Did anyone among you say the same thing before him? I said: No. He said: Did you ever blame him for telling lies before he said what he said? I said: No. He said: Was anyone among his forebears a king? i said; No. He said: Do the nobles of the people follow him, or the poor and weak? 1 said: The poor and weak (follow him). He said: Are they increasing or decreasing in number? I said: They are increasing. He said: Does anyone leave his religion because he is displeased with it after entering it? I said: No. He said: Does he break his promises? I said: No, but now we have a truce with him and we are afraid that he may break the truce. Abu Sufyan said: ther than that, I could not find anything to say against him to undermine him, and I was afraid that that would be held against me. He said: Did you fight him or did he fight you? I said: Yes. He said: What was the outcome of your battles with him? i said: It varied; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we were. He said: What does he enjoin you to do? i said: He enjoins us to worship Allah alone and not to associate anything with Him; he tells us not to worship what our fathers worshipped; and he enjoins us to pray, give charity, be chaste, keep promises and render back trusts. He said to his interpreter when I said that to him: Tell him: I asked about his lineage and you said that he has a noble lineage among you; this is how all the Messengers are, they are the nobles of their people, f asked you whether anyone among you had said this before, and you said no. I thought that if anyone among you had said this before, I would have said that he was a man who was following the example of some one who had said something similar before. I asked you whether you had accused him of lying before he said what he said, and you said no. Then i realised that the one who did not tell lies about people would never tell a lie about Allah.I asked you whether any of his forebears had been a king and you said no. I thought that if any of his forebears had been a king, I would have said that he was a man who was seeking his father's kingdom. I asked you whether the nobles among the people follow him or the weak and poor, and you said that the weak and poor follow him; they are always the followers of the Messengers. I asked you whether they were increasing or decreasing in number, and you said that they are increasing. This is how true faith is until it is complete. I asked you whether anyone leaves his religion because he is displeased with it after entering it, and you said no. This is how true faith is when its cheerfulness enters the heart and mixes with it: no one becomes displeased with it. I asked you whether he broke his promises and you said no; this is how the Messengers are. I asked you whether you had fought him or he had fought you and you said that this had happened, and that the outcome of the battles between you and him varied: sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you were. This is how the Messengers are; they are put to trial but the final victory is always theirs. I asked you what he enjoins you to do, and you said that he enjoins you to worship Allah alone and not to associate anything with Him; he tells you not to worship what your forefathers worshipped; and he enjoins you to give in charity, pray, be chaste, fulfil promises and render back trusts. This is the character of a Prophet who I knew would appear, but I did not think that he would be from among you. If what you have said to me is true, he will soon take possession of the land beneath my feet. By Allah, if I knew that I would definitely reach him, I would immediately go to meet him, and if I were with him I would wash his feet. Abu Sufyan said: Then he called for the letter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and ordered that it be read out loud. In the letter he said: "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. From Muhammad, the slave of Allah and His Messenger, to Heraclius the ruler of Byzantium. Peace be upon those who follow true guidance. I am calling you to Islam: become Muslim and you will be safe.Become Muslim and Allah will bestow upon you a double reward, but if you turn away, the sins of the peasants will be upon you. 'O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians): Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allah (Alone), and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allah. Then, if they turn away, say: "Bear witness that we are Muslims"' [Al - 'Imran 3:64]." Abu Sufyan said: When he finished his speech, the voices of the Byzantine leaders who were around him were raised, and there was so much noise that I could not understand what they said. Then he ordered that we be sent away. When I left with my companions and was alone with them, I said to them: The affair of Ibn Abi Kabshah’ (RA) has gained power: this king of Banul-Asfar [the Byzantines] fears him. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah, i became humble after that and was certain that he would be victorious, until Allah instilled Islam in my heart even though I was reluctant.

عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ ← ابْنُ أَخِي ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ نُوَيْفِعٍ عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ بَعَثَتْ بَنُو سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ ضِمَامَ بْنَ ثَعْلَبَةَ وَافِدًا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَاخَ بَعِيرَهُ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ ثُمَّ عَقَلَهُ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ وَكَانَ ضِمَامٌ رَجُلًا جَلْدًا أَشْعَرَ ذَا غَدِيرَتَيْنِ فَأَقْبَلَ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَيُّكُمْ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ ابْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ وَمُغَلِّظٌ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَلَا تَجِدَنَّ فِي نَفْسِكَ قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ فِي نَفْسِي فَسَلْ عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ قَالَ أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ إِلَهَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ هُوَ كَائِنٌ بَعْدَكَ آللَّهُ بَعَثَكَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ إِلَهَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ هُوَ كَائِنٌ بَعْدَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ تَأْمُرَنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا نُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَأَنْ نَخْلَعَ هَذِهِ الْأَنْدَادَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ آبَاؤُنَا يَعْبُدُونَ مَعَهُ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ إِلَهَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ هُوَ كَائِنٌ بَعْدَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ نُصَلِّيَ هَذِهِ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَذْكُرُ فَرَائِضَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَرِيضَةً فَرِيضَةً الزَّكَاةَ وَالصِّيَامَ وَالْحَجَّ وَشَرَائِعَ الْإِسْلَامِ كُلَّهَا يُنَاشِدُهُ عِنْدَ كُلِّ فَرِيضَةٍ كَمَا يُنَاشِدُهُ فِي الَّتِي قَبْلَهَا حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ سَيِّدَنَا مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَسَأُؤَدِّي هَذِهِ الْفَرَائِضَ وَأَجْتَنِبُ مَا نَهَيْتَنِي عَنْهُ ثُمَّ لَا أَزِيدُ وَلَا أَنْقُصُ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ رَاجِعًا إِلَى بَعِيرِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ وَلَّى إِنْ يَصْدُقْ ذُو الْعَقِيصَتَيْنِ يَدْخُلْ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ فَأَتَى إِلَى بَعِيرِهِ فَأَطْلَقَ عِقَالَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ فَاجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ أَنْ قَالَ بِئْسَتِ اللَّاتُ وَالْعُزَّى قَالُوا مَهْ يَا ضِمَامُ اتَّقِ الْبَرَصَ وَالْجُذَامَ اتَّقِ الْجُنُونَ قَالَ وَيْلَكُمْ إِنَّهُمَا وَاللَّهِ لَا يَضُرَّانِ وَلَا يَنْفَعَانِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ بَعَثَ رَسُولًا وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابًا اسْتَنْقَذَكُمْ بِهِ مِمَّا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ وَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ إِنِّي قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ بِمَا أَمَرَكُمْ بِهِ وَنَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَمْسَى مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَفِي حَاضِرِهِ رَجُلٌ وَلَا امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا مُسْلِمًا قَالَ يَقُولُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَمَا سَمِعْنَا بِوَافِدِ قَوْمٍ كَانَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ضِمَامِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) said Banu Saad bin Bakr sent Dimam ifbin Tha'labah to meet the Messenger of Allah (PBUH).He came to him and made his camel kneel at the door of the mosque, then he hobbled it, and he entered the mosque when the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was sitting with his Companions. Dimam was a tough and hairy man with two braids. He came and stood over the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and his Companions and said: Which of you is the son of 'Abdul-Muttalib? The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: "I am the son of 'Abdul- Muttalib." He said: Muhammad? He said: "Yes." He said: O son of 'Abdul-Muttalib, I am going to ask you some questions and i will be tough in my questioning, so do not be upset. He said: "I will not be upset. Ask whatever you want." He said: I adjure you by Allah your God, the God of those who came before you and the God of those who come after you, has Allah sent you to us as a Messenger? He said: "Yes, by Allah." He said: I adjure you by Allah your God, the God of those who came before you and the God of those who come after you, has Allah commanded you to instruct us to worship Him alone, not associating anything with Him, and to give up these rivals whom our forefathers worshipped alongside Him? He said: "Yes, by Allah," He said: I adjure you by Allah your God, the God of those who came before you and the God of those who come after you, has Allah commanded you to instruct us to offer these five prayers? He said: "Yes, by Allah." Then he started asking about the duties of Islam, one by one: zakah, fasting and Hajj, and all the laws of Islam, adjuring him each time as he adjured him previously until, when he had finished, he said: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. I shall do these duties and avoid what you have forbidden to me, no more and no less. Then he went back to his camel and the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said when he left: "If the one with the two braids meant what he said, he will enter Paradise." [The man] went to his camel, unhobbled it and departed. He came to his people, who gathered around him, and the first thing he said was: How bad al-Lat and al- 'Uzza are! They said: Be quiet, O Dimam! Fear leprosy and elephantiasis for yourself; fear insanity. He said: Woe to you; by Allah they cannot do any harm or bring any benefit. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, has sent a Messenger and revealed a Book to him that will save you from what you are in. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, with no partner or associate, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. I have come to you from him with what he enjoins upon you and forbids to you. By Allah, by the time evening came, there was no one present, man or woman, who had not become Muslim. Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: We have never heard of any delegate of a people better than Dimam bin Tha'labah.

عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ← کُرَيْبٍ مَوْلَی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← مُحَمد بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ نُوَيْفِعٍ، ← مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مِسْعَرٌ وَسُفْيَانُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الْوَالِبِيِّ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْفَزَارِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ إِذَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا نَفَعَنِي اللَّهُ بِمَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ وَإِذَا حَدَّثَنِي عَنْهُ غَيْرِي اسْتَحْلَفْتُهُ فَإِذَا حَلَفَ لِي صَدَّقْتُهُ وَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَدَّثَنِي وَصَدَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُذْنِبُ ذَنْبًا فَيَتَوَضَّأُ فَيُحْسِنُ الْوُضُوءَ قَالَ مِسْعَرٌ وَيُصَلِّي وَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَيَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَّا غَفَرَ لَهُ

It was narrated that 'Ali said: If I heard a hadeeth from the Messenger of Allah Allah benefited me as He willed thereby. If someone else told me something from him I would ask him to swear, and if he swore I would believe him. Abu Bakr told me - and Abu Bakr told the truth - that he heard the Prophet) say: "There is no man who commits a sin, then does wudoo' and does it well - Mis'ar said: and prays; Sufyan said: then prays - two rak'ahs and asks Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, for forgiveness but He will forgive him.”

مِسْعَرٌ وَيُصَلِّي ← مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُذْنِبُ ذَنْبًا فَيَتَوَضَّأُ فَيُحْسِنُ الْوُضُوءَ ← النَّبِيِّ ← وَصَدَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُ ← عَنْهُ غَيْرِي اسْتَحْلَفْتُهُ فَإِذَا حَلَفَ لِي صَدَّقْتُهُ وَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ← مِنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَدِيثًا نَفَعَنِي اللَّهُ بِمَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ، وَإِذَا ← كُنْتُُ إذَا ← عَلِيٍّ، ← أَسْمَاءَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْفَزَارِيِّ ← عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الْوَالِبِيِّ ← عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ الثَّقَفِيِّ ← مِسْعَرٍ، وَسُفْيَانَ، ← وَكِيعٌ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ وَالْعَبَّاسَ أَتَيَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَلْتَمِسَانِ مِيرَاثَهُمَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُمَا حِينَئِذٍ يَطْلُبَانِ أَرْضَهُ مِنْ فَدَكَ وَسَهْمَهُ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أَدَعُ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصْنَعُهُ فِيهِ إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ

It was narrated from 'A'ishah that Fatimah and al-' Abbas came to Abu Bakr seeking their inheritance from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). At that time they were asking for his land at Fadak and his share of Khaibar. Abu Bakr said to them: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) say: "Our (Prophets') property is not to be inherited and whatever we leave behind is charity. Rather the family of Muhammad may take their provision from these properties." By Allah, I will not change any of the charity of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) from how it was at the time of the Messenger of Allah and I will do the same with it as the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) did.

عَائِشَةَ ← عُرْوَةَ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← مَعْمَرٌ، ← عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحٍ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَقْسِمَ لَهَا مِيرَاثَهَا مِمَّا تَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ فَغَضِبَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَام فَهَجَرَتْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ تَزَلْ مُهَاجِرَتَهُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَتْ قَالَ وَعَاشَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ وَكَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا تَسْأَلُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ نَصِيبَهَا مِمَّا تَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ وَفَدَكَ وَصَدَقَتِهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَيْهَا ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ لَسْتُ تَارِكًا شَيْئًا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْمَلُ بِهِ إِلَّا عَمِلْتُ بِهِ وَإِنِّي أَخْشَى إِنْ تَرَكْتُ شَيْئًا مِنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ أَزِيغَ فَأَمَّا صَدَقَتُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَدَفَعَهَا عُمَرُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَغَلَبَهُ عَلَيْهَا عَلِيٌّ وَأَمَّا خَيْبَرُ وَفَدَكُ فَأَمْسَكَهُمَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَقَالَ هُمَا صَدَقَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَتَا لِحُقُوقِهِ الَّتِي تَعْرُوهُ وَنَوَائِبِهِ وَأَمْرُهُمَا إِلَى مَنْ وَلِيَ الْأَمْرَ قَالَ فَهُمَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ

'Urwah bin az-Zubair narrated that 'A'ishah, the wife of the Prophet (PBUH), told him that Fatimah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), asked Abu Bakr, after the death of the Messenger of Allah to give her her share of inheritance from that which the Messenger of Allah had left behind, of the fai' that Allah had bestowed upon him. Abu Bakr said to her: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: "Our (Prophets') property is not to be inherited and whatever we leave behind is charity." Fatimah got angry and kept away from Abu Bakr (RA), and she continued to do so until she died. Fatimah lived for six months after the Messenger of Allah and she used to ask Abu Bakr for her share of that which the Messenger of Allah had left behind of Khaibar and Fadak, and his charitable endowments in Madinah, but Abu Bakr refused to give her that. He said: I will not stop doing something that the Messenger of Allah used to do; rather I will continue to do it. I am afraid that if I give up something that he did, I will go astray. As for his charitable endowment in Madinah, 'Umar gave it to 'Ali and 'Abbas, but 'Ali took most of it. As for Khaibar and Fadak, 'Umar kept them and said: They are the charitable endowment of the Messenger of Allah ^ and were spent on his responsibilities and on emergencies. They were to be cared for by whoever became caliph, and this remains the case until today.

عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← صَالِحٍ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ حَدَّثَنِي عُقَيْلٌ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكَ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا فَوَجَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي وَأَمَّا الَّذِي شَجَرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَمْوَالِ فَإِنِّي لَمْ آلُ فِيهَا عَنْ الْحَقِّ وَلَمْ أَتْرُكْ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصْنَعُهُ فِيهَا إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ

It was narrated from 'Urwah bin az-Zubair that 'A'ishah the wife of the Prophet (PBUH) told him: Fatimah the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) sent word to Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq (RA) asking for her inheritance from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), of the fai that Allah had granted to him in Madinah and Fadak, and what was left of the khumus of Khaibar. Abu Bakr said: The Messenger of Allah said: "We (Prophets) are not to be inherited from and whatever we leave behind is charity. Rather the family of Muhammad may take their provision from this wealth." By Allah, I will not change any of the charity of the Messenger of Allah from how it was at the time of the Messenger of Allah and I will do the same with it as the Messenger of Allah did. So Abu Bakr refused to give anything of it to Fatimah, and Fatimah was upset with Abu Bakr because of that. Abu Bakr said: By the One in Whose hand is my soul, the relatives of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) are dearer to me than my own relatives. As for the dispute between me and you concerning this wealth, I did not deviate from the truth concerning them and I will not leave anything that I saw the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) do but I will do it the way he did it.

عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ← عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← عَقِیلٍ ← لَيْثٌ، ← حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْفَزَارِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا كَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ إِذَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا نَفَعَنِي اللَّهُ بِهِ بِمَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَنْفَعَنِي مِنْهُ وَإِذَا حَدَّثَنِي غَيْرُهُ اسْتَحْلَفْتُهُ فَإِذَا حَلَفَ لِي صَدَّقْتُهُ وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَصَدَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُؤْمِنٍ يُذْنِبُ ذَنْبًا فَيَتَوَضَّأُ فَيُحْسِنُ الطُّهُورَ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَيَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى إِلَّا غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ثُمَّ تَلَا وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا فَعَلُوا فَاحِشَةً أَوْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ

It was narrated that Asma' bin [sic] al-Hakam al-Fazari said: I heard ' Ali say: If I heard a hadeeth from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), Allah benefited me as He willed thereby, If someone else told me something from him I would ask him to swear, and if he swore I would believe him. Abu Bakr told me and Abu Bakr told the truth that he heard the Prophet say: "There is no believer who commits a sin, then does wudoo’ and does it well and prays two rak'ahs and asks Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, for forgiveness but Allah will forgive him." Then he recited the verse: "And those who, when they have committed Fahi shall (illegal sexual intercourse) or wronged themselves..."' [Al 'Imran 3:135].

كُنْتُُ إذَا ← عَلِيًّا كَرَّمَ اللهُ وَجْهَهُ، ← أَسْمَاءَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْفَزَارِيِّ ← عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ ← عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ ← أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، ← أَبُو کَامِلٍ

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ وَالْعَبَّاسَ أَتَيَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَلْتَمِسَانِ مِيرَاثَهُمَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُمَا حِينَئِذٍ يَطْلُبَانِ أَرْضَهُ مِنْ فَدَكَ وَسَهْمَهُ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أَدَعُ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصْنَعُهُ فِيهِ إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ

It was narrated from 'A'ishah that Fatimah and al-' Abbas came to Abu Bakr, seeking their inheritance from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) . At that time they were seeking his land in Fadak and his share of Khaibar. Abu Bakr said to them: I heard the Messenger of Allah say: "We (Prophets) are not to be inherited from and whatever we leave behind is charity. Rather the family of Muhammad may take their provision from this wealth." By Allah, I will not leave anything that I saw the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) do with it but I will do it too.

عَائِشَةَ ← عُرْوَةَ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← مَعْمَرٌ، ← عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قَالَ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ الرِّدَّةُ قَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تُقَاتِلُهُمْ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَاللَّهِ لَا أُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَلَأُقَاتِلَنَّ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ فَقَاتَلْنَا مَعَهُ فَرَأَيْنَا ذَلِكَ رَشَدًا

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (PBUH) : said: "I have been commanded to fight the people until they say La ilaha illallah, and if they say it then their blood and wealth are safe from me, except in cases dictated by sharee'ah, and their reckoning is with Allah." When some people apostatized, 'Umar said to Abu Bakr: Will you fight them when you heard the Messenger of Allah say such and such? Abu Bakr (RA) said: By Allah, I will not separate prayer and zakah, and I shall certainly fight anyone who separates them. So we fought them alongside him and we realised that that was the right thing to do.

أُمِرْتُ ← أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ أَخَذْتُ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ ثُمَامَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ لَهُمْ إِنَّ هَذِهِ فَرَائِضُ الصَّدَقَةِ الَّتِي فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَنْ سُئِلَهَا مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى وَجْهِهَا فَلْيُعْطِهَا وَمَنْ سُئِلَ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يُعْطِهِ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِنْ الْإِبِلِ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ شَاةٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ فَفِيهَا ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنِ ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ فَابْنُ لَبُونٍ ذَكَرٌ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتَّةً وَثَلَاثِينَ فَفِيهَا ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتَّةً وَأَرْبَعِينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ طَرُوقَةُ الْفَحْلِ إِلَى سِتِّينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ إِحْدَى وَسِتِّينَ فَفِيهَا جَذَعَةٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتَّةً وَسَبْعِينَ فَفِيهَا بِنْتَا لَبُونٍ إِلَى تِسْعِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ إِحْدَى وَتِسْعِينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ طَرُوقَتَا الْفَحْلِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ وَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ فَإِذَا تَبَايَنَ أَسْنَانُ الْإِبِلِ فِي فَرَائِضِ الصَّدَقَاتِ فَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَدَقَةُ الْجَذَعَةِ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ جَذَعَةٌ وَعِنْدَهُ حِقَّةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَيَجْعَلُ مَعَهَا شَاتَيْنِ إِنْ اسْتَيْسَرَتَا لَهُ أَوْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَدَقَةُ الْحِقَّةِ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا جَذَعَةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَيُعْطِيهِ الْمُصَدِّقُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا أَوْ شَاتَيْنِ وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَدَقَةُ الْحِقَّةِ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ وَعِنْدَهُ بِنْتُ لَبُونٍ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَيَجْعَلُ مَعَهَا شَاتَيْنِ إِنْ اسْتَيْسَرَتَا لَهُ أَوْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَدَقَةُ ابْنَةِ لَبُونٍ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا حِقَّةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَيُعْطِيهِ الْمُصَدِّقُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا أَوْ شَاتَيْنِ وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَدَقَةُ ابْنَةِ لَبُونٍ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَيَجْعَلُ مَعَهَا شَاتَيْنِ إِنْ اسْتَيْسَرَتَا لَهُ أَوْ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ صَدَقَتُهُ بِنْتَ مَخَاضٍ وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا ابْنُ لَبُونٍ ذَكَرٌ فَإِنَّهُ يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا أَرْبَعٌ مِنْ الْإِبِلِ فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبُّهَا وَفِي صَدَقَةِ الْغَنَمِ فِي سَائِمَتِهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ أَرْبَعِينَ فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ فَفِيهَا شَاتَانِ إِلَى مِائَتَيْنِ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ إِلَى ثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ فَفِي كُلِّ مِائَةٍ شَاةٌ وَلَا تُؤْخَذُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ هَرِمَةٌ وَلَا ذَاتُ عَوَارٍ وَلَا تَيْسٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ الْمُصَدِّقُ وَلَا يُجْمَعُ بَيْنَ مُتَفَرِّقٍ وَلَا يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ مُجْتَمِعٍ خَشْيَةَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ خَلِيطَيْنِ فَإِنَّهُمَا يَتَرَاجَعَانِ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوِيَّةِ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ سَائِمَةُ الرَّجُلِ نَاقِصَةً مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةً وَاحِدَةً فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبُّهَا وَفِي الرِّقَةِ رُبْعُ الْعُشْرِ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ الْمَالُ إِلَّا تِسْعِينَ وَمِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبُّهَا

It was narrated from Anas bin Malik that Abu Bakr wrote to them saying: These are the types of charity (zakah) that the Messenger of Allah made obligatory upon the Muslims and which Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, enjoined upon the Messenger of Allah Whoever among the Muslims is asked to pay it in the proper manner, let him give it; whoever is asked for more than that, let him not give it. For less than twenty-five camels, for each five, one sheep (should be given). If the number reaches twenty-five, then one she-camel in its second year (should be given), up to thirty-five. If there is no she-camel in its second year, then a he-camel in its third year (may be given). If the number reaches thirty-six, then a she-camel in its third year (should be given), up to forty-five. If the number reaches forty-six, then a she-camel in its fourth year that has been bred to a stallion camel should be given, up to sixty. If the number reaches sixty-one, then a she-camel in its fifth year (should be given), up to seventy-five. If the number reaches seventy-six, then two she-camels in their second year (should be given), up to ninety. If the number reaches ninety-one, then two she-camels in their fourth year that have been bred to a stallion camel should be given, up to one hundred and twenty. If the number is more than one hundred and twenty, then for every forty camels, a she-camel in its third year should be given and for every fifty a she-camel in its fourth year. If the ages of the camels for zakah differ, if what is due is a she-camel in its fifth year but he does not own such a camel, but he has a she-camel in its fourth year, then that will be accepted from him and he should add to it two sheep, if available, or twenty dirhams. If what is due from him is a she-camel in its fourth year and he only has a she-camel in its fifth year, it should be accepted from him and the zakah collector should give him back twenty dirhams or two sheep. If what is due from him is a she-camel in its fourth year, but he does not have such a camel and he has a she-camel in its third year, then it should be accepted from him and he should add to it two sheep, if available, or twenty dirhams. If what is due from him is a she- camel in its second year, but he only has a he-camel in its third year, then it should be accepted from him and nothing should be added to it. If he has only four camels, no zakah is due unless the owner wants to give it. With regard to zakah on sheep in the pasture, if there are forty sheep, then one sheep is due as zakah, up to one hundred and twenty sheep. If there is one more than that, then two sheep are due, up to two hundred. If there is one more than that, then three sheep are due, up to three hundred. If there is one more than that, then for every hundred sheep, one sheep is due. No toothless or defective sheep should be taken as zakah and neither should a ram, unless the one who is giving allows that. Separate flocks should not be put together and flocks should not be divided so as to avoid or reduce zakah. If there are two partners [and the zafotfr-collector comes and takes zakah], they should settle the matter between them on a fair basis. If a man's flock is grazing, if it is one less than forty, then no zakah is due on it unless the owner wants to give it. On silver the zakah is one quarter of one tenth; if the wealth is only one hundred and ninety dirhams, then no zakah is due on it unless the owner wants to give it.

اَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِکٍ، ← أَخَذْتُ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ ثُمَامَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ ← حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ← أَبُو کَامِلٍ

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ حَارِثَةَ قَالَ جَاءَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ إِلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا إِنَّا قَدْ أَصَبْنَا أَمْوَالًا وَخَيْلًا وَرَقِيقًا نُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَنَا فِيهَا زَكَاةٌ وَطَهُورٌ قَالَ مَا فَعَلَهُ صَاحِبَايَ قَبْلِي فَأَفْعَلَهُ وَاسْتَشَارَ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفِيهِمْ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ هُوَ حَسَنٌ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ جِزْيَةً رَاتِبَةً يُؤْخَذُونَ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِكَ

It was narrated that Harithah said: Some people from Syria came to 'Umar and said: We have acquired wealth and horses and slaves, and we want to pay zakait on them as a purification. He said: I shall do what my two predecessors did. He consulted the Companions of Muhammad 3 &, among whom was 'Ali, and 'Ali said: It is good, provided it does not become a regular tax that is taken from them after you are gone.

مَا فَعَلَهُ صَاحِبَايَ قَبْلِي فَأَفْعَلَهُ وَاسْتَشَارَ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَفِيهِمْ عَلِيٌّ ← قَدْ أَصَبْنَا أَمْوَالًا وَخَيْلًا وَرَقِيقًا نُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَنَا فِيهَا زَكَاةٌ وَطَهُورٌ ← جَاءَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ إِلَى عُمَرَ، ← حَارِثَةَ ← أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ← سُفْيَانَ، ← عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا السَّائِبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ابْنُ أُخْتِ نَمِرٍ أَنَّ حُوَيْطِبَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ السَّعْدِىِّ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ قَدِمَ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي خِلَافَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ أَلَمْ أُحَدَّثْ أَنَّكَ تَلِي مِنْ أَعْمَالِ النَّاسِ أَعْمَالًا فَإِذَا أُعْطِيتَ الْعُمَالَةَ كَرِهْتَهَا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَمَا تُرِيدُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ لِي أَفْرَاسًا وَأَعْبُدًا وَأَنَا بِخَيْرٍ وَأُرِيدُ أَنْ تَكُونَ عُمَالَتِي صَدَقَةً عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَلَا تَفْعَلْ فَإِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ أَرَدْتُ الَّذِي أَرَدْتَ فَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُعْطِينِي الْعَطَاءَ فَأَقُولُ أَعْطِهِ أَفْقَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِنِّي حَتَّى أَعْطَانِي مَرَّةً مَالًا فَقُلْتُ أَعْطِهِ أَفْقَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِنِّي قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خُذْهُ فَتَمَوَّلْهُ وَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ فَمَا جَاءَكَ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ وَأَنْتَ غَيْرُ مُشْرِفٍ وَلَا سَائِلٍ فَخُذْهُ وَمَا لَا فَلَا تُتْبِعْهُ نَفْسَكَ

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin as-Sa'di that he came to 'Umar bin al-Khattab during his caliphate and 'Umar said to him: Was I not told that you do work for people, then when you are given your wages you do not accept it? I said: Yes. 'Umar said: Why do you do that? I said: I have horses and slaves, and i am well off. I want my work to be an act of charity towards the Muslims. 'Umar said: Do not do that, for I wanted to do the same as you want to do. The Prophet ^ would give me some payment and I would say: Give it to one who is more in need of it than me. One day he gave me something and I said: Give it to one who is more in need of it than me. The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Take it, keep it, and give it in charity. Whatever of this wealth comes to you when you are not hoping for it or asking for it, accept it, but if it does not come to you, do not hope for it."

السَّائِبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ابْنُ أُخْتِ نَمِرٍ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← شُعَيْبٌ، ← أَبُو الْيَمَانِ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ زَوْجَ بَرِيرَةَ كَانَ عَبْدًا أَسْوَدَ يُسَمَّى مُغِيثًا قَالَ فَكُنْتُ أَرَاهُ يَتْبَعُهَا فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَعْصِرُ عَيْنَيْهِ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ وَقَضَى فِيهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْبَعَ قَضِيَّاتٍ إِنَّ مَوَالِيَهَا اشْتَرَطُوا الْوَلَاءَ فَقَضَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْوَلَاءَ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ وَخَيَّرَهَا فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ قَالَ وَتُصُدِّقَ عَلَيْهَا بِصَدَقَةٍ فَأَهْدَتْ مِنْهَا إِلَى عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ هُوَ عَلَيْهَا صَدَقَةٌ وَإِلَيْنَا هَدِيَّةٌ

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that the husband of Bareerah was a black slave whowas called Mugheeth. I used to see him following Bareerah in the streets of Madinah, weeping for her. The Prophet (PBUH) gave four rulings concerning her. Her masters stipulated that wala’ was for them, but the Prophet (PBUH) ruled: "Wala' belongs to the one who manumits the slave." He gave her the choice, and she chose divorce, and he ordered her to observe 'iddah. And she received charity and gave some of it as a gift to 'A'ishah (RA); she mentioned that to the Prophet (PBUH) and he said: "It is charity for her and a gift to us."

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ زَوْجَ بَرِيرَةَ كَانَ عَبْدًا أَسْوَدَ يُسَمَّى مُغِيثًا ← عِكْرِمَةَ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← هَمَّامٌ، ← عَفَّانُ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ عَلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ شَهِدَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى فِي يَوْمِ عِيدٍ ثُمَّ خَطَبَ ثُمَّ أَتَى النِّسَاءَ فَأَمَرَهُنَّ بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَجَعَلْنَ يُلْقِينَ

It was narrated from 'Ata' that he testified that Ibn 'Abbas (RA) (said), and Ibn 'Abbas testified that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) prayed on the day of Eid, then he delivered the khutbah. Then he went to the women and enjoined them to give charity, and they started throwing [their jewellery, to Bilal].

أَيُّوبَ، ← شُعْبَةُ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ أَعْيَنَ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الَّذِي يَتَصَدَّقُ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ فِي صَدَقَتِهِ كَالَّذِي يَقِيءُ ثُمَّ يَأْكُلُ قَيْئَهُ

It was narrated that Sa'eed bin al-Musayyab said: I heard Ibn 'Abbas (RA) say: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) say: "The likeness of the one who gives charity then takes back his charity is that of one who vomits, then eats his vomit."

رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ← ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ← سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، ← بُكَيْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ← عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ← مُوسَى بْنُ أَعْيَنَ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ أَنَّ نَجْدَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ سَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى لِمَنْ هُوَ وَعَنْ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ وَعَنْ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ يَشْهَدَانِ الْغَنِيمَةَ وَعَنْ قَتْلِ أَطْفَالِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لَوْلَا أَنْ أَرُدَّهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ يَقَعُ فِيهِ مَا أَجَبْتُهُ وَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ إِنَّكَ كَتَبْتَ إِلَيَّ تَسْأَلُ عَنْ سَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى لِمَنْ هُوَ وَإِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَاهَا لِقَرَابَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا وَعَنْ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ قَالَ إِذَا احْتَلَمَ أَوْ أُونِسَ مِنْهُ خَيْرٌ وَعَنْ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ يَشْهَدَانِ الْغَنِيمَةَ فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُمَا وَلَكِنَّهُمَا يُحْذَيَانِ وَيُعْطَيَانِ وَعَنْ قَتْلِ أَطْفَالِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقْتُلْهُمْ وَأَنْتَ فَلَا تَقْتُلْهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَعْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ مَا عَلِمَ الْخَضِرُ مِنْ الْغُلَامِ حِينَ قَتَلَهُ

It was narrated that Yazeed bin Hurmuz said: Najdah wrote to Ibn 'Abbas asking him about the share of the kinsmen of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and who it is for; when the orphan is no longer regarded as such; what happens if women or slaves are present when the booty is shared out; and about killing the children of the mushrikeen. Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: Were it not that I want to stop him doing what he may fall into, I would not have answered him. And he wrote to him (saying): You wrote to me asking about the share of the kinsmen of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and who it is for. We used to think that it was for the relatives of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), but our people denied that to us. With regard to the orphan and when he is no longer regarded as such, he said: It is when he reaches the age of puberty or attains maturity of mind. With regard to women and slaves, and whether they had any share of the booty if they were present in battle, they have no known share, but they are to be given something from the booty. With regard to killing the children of the mushrikeen, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) did not kill any of them, so you should not kill any of them, unless you know about them what al-Khadir knew about the boy whom he killed.

الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ يَشْهَدَانِ الْغَنِيمَةَ فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُمَا وَلَكِنَّهُمَا يُحْذَيَانِ وَيُعْطَيَانِ ← إِذَا احْتَلَمَ أَوْ أُونِسَ مِنْهُ خَيْرٌ ← اليتيم متى ينقضي يتمه ← كُنَّا نَرَاهَا لِقَرَابَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا ← سَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى لِمَنْ هُوَ ← إِلَيْهِ إِنَّكَ كَتَبْتَ إِلَيَّ تَسْأَلُ ← شَيْءٍ يَقَعُ فِيهِ مَا أَجَبْتُهُ ← ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لَوْلَا أَنْ أَرُدَّهُ ← قَتْلِ أَطْفَالِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ← الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ يَشْهَدَانِ الْغَنِيمَةَ ← اليتيم متى ينقضي يتمه ← سَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى لِمَنْ هُوَ ← إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ ← يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، أَنَّ نَجْدَةَ، ← قَیْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، ← جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ، ← عَبْدُ الْوَھَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ