Zakat & Charity

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ وَعُثْمَانُ ابْنَا أَبِي شَيْبَةَ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيکٌ عَنْ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَنْ الْبَدَاوَةِ فَقَالَتْ کَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَبْدُو إِلَی هَذِهِ التِّلَاعِ وَإِنَّهُ أَرَادَ الْبَدَاوَةَ مَرَّةً فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ نَاقَةً مُحَرَّمَةً مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا عَائِشَةُ ارْفُقِي فَإِنَّ الرِّفْقَ لَمْ يَکُنْ فِي شَيْئٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا زَانَهُ وَلَا نُزِعَ مِنْ شَيْئٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا شَانَهُ

Miqdan bin Shuraih reported on the authority of his father. I asked Aishah about settling in the desert (to worship Allaah in loneliness). She said “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would go out (from Madina) to these torrential streams. Once he intended to go out to the desert (for worshipping Allaah). He sent me a She-Camel from the Camels of sadaqah that was not used as a mount. He said to me “Aishah be lenient, for leniency makes a thing decorated and when it is removed from a thing it makes it defective.

الْبَدَاوَةِ ← سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ ← أَبِيهِ ← الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ، ← شَرِيکٍ ← أَبُو بَکْرٍ وَعُثْمَانُ ابْنَا أَبِي شَيْبَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ الْمَعْنَی وَاحِدٌ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَی عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ ابْنِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَتِيکٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَتِيکٍ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ کَانَ يَقُولُ مِنْ الْغَيْرَةِ مَا يُحِبُّ اللَّهُ وَمِنْهَا مَا يُبْغِضُ اللَّهُ فَأَمَّا الَّتِي يُحِبُّهَا اللَّهُ فَالْغَيْرَةُ فِي الرِّيبَةِ وَأَمَّا الْغَيْرَةُ الَّتِي يُبْغِضُهَا اللَّهُ فَالْغَيْرَةُ فِي غَيْرِ رِيبَةٍ وَإِنَّ مِنْ الْخُيَلَائِ مَا يُبْغِضُ اللَّهُ وَمِنْهَا مَا يُحِبُّ اللَّهُ فَأَمَّا الْخُيَلَائُ الَّتِي يُحِبُّ اللَّهُ فَاخْتِيَالُ الرَّجُلِ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْقِتَالِ وَاخْتِيَالُهُ عِنْدَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَأَمَّا الَّتِي يُبْغِضُ اللَّهُ فَاخْتِيَالُهُ فِي الْبَغْيِ قَالَ مُوسَی وَالْفَخْرِ

Narrated Jabir ibn Atik: The Prophet ﷺ said: There is jealousy which Allah loves and jealousy which Allah hates. That which Allah loves is jealousy regarding a matter of doubt, and that which Allah hates is jealousy regarding something which is not doubtful. There is pride which Allah hates and pride which Allah loves. That which Allah loves is a man's pride when fighting and when giving sadaqah and that which Allah hates is pride shown by oppression. The narrator Musa said: "by boasting. "

جابر بن عتيك ← ابْنُ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ ← مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ← يَحْيَى ← أَبَانُ، ← مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ الْمَعْنَی وَاحِدٌ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّی حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ الْهَيَّاجِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ أَنَّ عِمْرَانَ أَبَقَ لَهُ غُلَامٌ فَجَعَلَ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لَئِنْ قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَقْطَعَنَّ يَدَهُ فَأَرْسَلَنِي لِأَسْأَلَ لَهُ فَأَتَيْتُ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدُبٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ کَانَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحُثُّنَا عَلَی الصَّدَقَةِ وَيَنْهَانَا عَنْ الْمُثْلَةِ فَأَتَيْتُ عِمْرَانَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ کَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحُثُّنَا عَلَی الصَّدَقَةِ وَيَنْهَانَا عَنْ الْمُثْلَةِ

Narrated Samurah ibn Jundub: Al-Hayyaj ibn Imran ibn Husayn reported that a slave of Imran ran away. He took a vow to Allah that if he overpowers him, he will cut off his head. He then sent me (to Samurah ibn Jundub) to ask him about this question for him. I came to Samurah ibn Jundub and asked him. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to exhort us to give alms (sadaqah) and forbid us to mutilate (a slain). I then came to Imran ibn Husayn and asked him. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to exhort us to give alms (sadaqah) and forbid us to mutilate (a slain).

الْهَيَّاجِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ ← الْحَسَنِ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← أَبِي ← مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى،

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ لِکَعْبِ بْنِ الْأَشْرَفِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ آذَی اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ فَقَالَ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأْذَنْ لِي أَنْ أَقُولَ شَيْئًا قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَدْ سَأَلَنَا الصَّدَقَةَ وَقَدْ عَنَّانَا قَالَ وَأَيْضًا لَتَمَلُّنَّهُ قَالَ اتَّبَعْنَاهُ فَنَحْنُ نَکْرَهُ أَنْ نَدَعَهُ حَتَّی نَنْظُرَ إِلَی أَيِّ شَيْئٍ يَصِيرُ أَمْرُهُ وَقَدْ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ تُسْلِفَنَا وَسْقًا أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ قَالَ کَعْبٌ أَيَّ شَيْئٍ تَرْهَنُونِي قَالَ وَمَا تُرِيدُ مِنَّا قَالَ نِسَائَکُمْ قَالُوا سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ أَنْتَ أَجْمَلُ الْعَرَبِ نَرْهَنُکَ نِسَائَنَا فَيَکُونُ ذَلِکَ عَارًا عَلَيْنَا قَالَ فَتَرْهَنُونِي أَوْلَادَکُمْ قَالُوا سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ يُسَبُّ ابْنُ أَحَدِنَا فَيُقَالُ رُهِنْتَ بِوَسْقٍ أَوْ وَسْقَيْنِ قَالُوا نَرْهَنُکَ اللَّأْمَةَ يُرِيدُ السِّلَاحَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ نَادَاهُ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ مُتَطَيِّبٌ يَنْضَحُ رَأْسُهُ فَلَمَّا أَنْ جَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ وَقَدْ کَانَ جَائَ مَعَهُ بِنَفَرٍ ثَلَاثَةٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةٍ فَذَکَرُوا لَهُ قَالَ عِنْدِي فُلَانَةُ وَهِيَ أَعْطَرُ نِسَائِ النَّاسِ قَالَ تَأْذَنُ لِي فَأَشُمَّ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي رَأْسِهِ فَشَمَّهُ قَالَ أَعُودُ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي رَأْسِهِ فَلَمَّا اسْتَمْکَنَ مِنْهُ قَالَ دُونَکُمْ فَضَرَبُوهُ حَتَّی قَتَلُوهُ

Jabir reported: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Who will pursue Kaab bin Al-Ashraf, for he has caused trouble to Allah and His Messenger? Muhammad bin Maslamah stood up and said: I (shall do), Messenger of Allah. Do you want that I should kill him? He said: Yes. He said: So permit me to say something (against you). He said: Yes say. He then came to him (Kaab bin al-Ashraf) and said to him: This man has asked us for sadaqah (alms) and has put us into trouble. He (Kaab) said: You will be more grieved. He (Muhammad bin Maslamah) said: We have followed him and we do not like to forsake him until we see what will be the consequences of his matter. We wished if you could lend us one or two wasqs. Kaab said: What will you mortgage with me? He asked: what do you want from us? He replied: your Women. They said: Glory be to Allah: You are the most beautiful of the Arabs. If we mortgage our women with you, that will be a disgrace for us. He said “The mortgage your children. ” They said “Glory be to Allaah, a son of us may abuse saying “You were mortgaged for one or two wasqs. ” They said “We shall mortgage or coat of mail with you. By this he meant arms”. He said “Yes, when he came to him, he called him and he came out while he used perfume and his head was spreading fragrance. When he at with him and he came there accompanied by three or four persons who mentioned his perfume. He said “I have such and such woman with me. She is most fragrant of the women among the people. He (Muhammad bin Maslamah) asked “Do you permit me so that I may smell? He said “Yes. He then entered his hand through his hair and smell it. ” He said “May I repeat?” He said “Yes. He again entered his hand through his hair. When he got his complete control, he said “Take him. So he struck him until they killed him. ”

جَابِرٍ ← عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ ← سُفْيَانَ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ حَدَّثَنَا عُمَارَةُ بْنُ الْقَعْقَاعِ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ أَنْ تَصَدَّقَ وَأَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ حَرِيصٌ تَأْمُلُ الْبَقَائَ وَتَخْشَی الْفَقْرَ وَلَا تُمْهِلَ حَتَّی إِذَا بَلَغَتْ الْحُلْقُومَ قُلْتَ لِفُلَانٍ کَذَا وَلِفُلَانٍ کَذَا وَقَدْ کَانَ لِفُلَانٍ

Narrated Abu Hurairah: A man asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: Messenger of Allah, which sadaqah (charity) is the best ? He replied: (The best sadaqah is) that you give something as sadaqah (charity) when you are healthy, greedy, expect survival and fear poverty, and not that you postpone it until your death. and then you say: For so-and-so is such-and-such, and for so-and-so is such-and-such, while it was already for so-and-so.

رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ← أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← اَبِیْ زُرْعَۃَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ جَرِیْرٍ، ← عُمَارَةَ بْنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ ← عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، ← مُسَدَّدٌ

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ عَطَائٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ وَ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْکُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ الْيَتَامَی ظُلْمًا الْآيَةَ انْطَلَقَ مَنْ کَانَ عِنْدَهُ يَتِيمٌ فَعَزَلَ طَعَامَهُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ وَشَرَابَهُ مِنْ شَرَابِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَفْضُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ فَيُحْبَسُ لَهُ حَتَّی يَأْکُلَهُ أَوْ يَفْسُدَ فَاشْتَدَّ ذَلِکَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَذَکَرُوا ذَلِکَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَيَسْأَلُونَکَ عَنْ الْيَتَامَی قُلْ إِصْلَاحٌ لَهُمْ خَيْرٌ وَإِنْ تُخَالِطُوهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُکُمْ فَخَلَطُوا طَعَامَهُمْ بِطَعَامِهِ وَشَرَابَهُمْ بِشَرَابِهِ

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: When Allah, Most High, revealed the verses: "Come not nigh to the orphan's property except to improve it". And "Those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans", everyone who had an orphan with him went and separated his food from his (orphan's) food, and his drink from his drink, and began to detain the remaining food which he (the orphan) himself ate or spoiled. This fell heavy on them, and they mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. So Allah, Most High, revealed the verse: "They ask thee concerning orphans. Say: The best thing to do is what is for their good; if ye mix their affairs with yours, they are your brethren. " Then they mixed their food with his food and their drink with his drink.

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ← سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ← عَطَائٍ ← جَرِيرٌ ← عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلَالٍ عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْغَيْثِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اجْتَنِبُوا السَّبْعَ الْمُوبِقَاتِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا هُنَّ قَالَ الشِّرْکُ بِاللَّهِ وَالسِّحْرُ وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَأَکْلُ الرِّبَا وَأَکْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَالتَّوَلِّي يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ وَقَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ الْغَافِلَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد أَبُو الْغَيْثِ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَی ابْنِ مُطِيعٍ

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Refrain from seven (characteristics) which cause destruction. He was asked: What are they, Messenger of Allah ? He replied: To assign partner to Allah, magic, to kill a soul (man) which is prohibited by Allah except for which is due, to take usury, to consume the property of an orphan, to retreat on the day of the battle, and to slander chaste women, indiscreet but believing. Abu Dawud said: The name Abu al-Ghaith is Salim client of Ibn Muti'.

أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← أَبِي الْغَيْثِ، ← ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، ← سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ ← ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ،

حَدَّثَنَا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ يَعْنِي ابْنَ بِلَالٍ عَنْ الْعَلاَئِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أُرَاهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا مَاتَ الْإِنْسَانُ انْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ عَمَلُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْيَائَ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ جَارِيَةٍ أَوْ عِلْمٍ يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ أَوْ وَلَدٍ صَالِحٍ يَدْعُو لَهُ

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: When a man dies, his action discontinues from him except three things, namely, perpetual sadaqah (charity), or the knowledge by which benefit is acquired, or a pious child who prays for him.

أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← أَبِيهِ ← الْعَلاَئِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أُرَاهُ ← سُلَيْمَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ بِلَالٍ ← ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ← الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْأَسْبَاطِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ لَبِيدٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ الْعَامِلُ عَلَی الصَّدَقَةِ بِالْحَقِّ کَالْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَتَّی يَرْجِعَ إِلَی بَيْتِهِ

Narrated Rafi ibn Khadij: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: The official who collects sadaqah (zakat) in a just manner is like him who fights in Allah's path till he returns home.

الْعَامِلُ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ بِالْحَقِّ كَالْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إلَى بَيْتِهِ. ← رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ← رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ ← مَحْمُودِ بْنِ لَبِيدٍ ← عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَقَ ← عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْأَسْبَاطِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌٌ عَنْ بُکَيْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ عَنْ بُسْرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ ابْنِ السَّاعِدِيِّ قَالَ اسْتَعْمَلَنِي عُمَرُ عَلَی الصَّدَقَةِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغْتُ أَمَرَ لِي بِعُمَالَةٍ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّمَا عَمِلْتُ لِلَّهِ قَالَ خُذْ مَا أُعْطِيتَ فَإِنِّي قَدْ عَمِلْتُ عَلَی عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَعَمَّلَنِي

Narrated Ibn al-Saeedi: Umar reported me to collect the sadaqah (i. e. zakat). When I became free, he ordered to give me payment for it. I said: I have worked for the sake of Allah. He said: Take what you have been given, for I held an administrative post in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he gave me payment for it.

ابْنِ السَّاعِدِيِّ، ← بُسْرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ← بُكَيْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ، ← لَيْثٌ، ← أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ السَّرْحِ وَابْنُ أَبِي خَلَفٍ لَفْظَهُ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلًا مِنْ الْأَزْدِ يُقَالُ لَهُ ابْنُ اللُّتْبِيَّةِ قَالَ ابْنُ السَّرْحِ ابْنُ الْأُتْبِيَّةِ عَلَی الصَّدَقَةِ فَجَائَ فَقَالَ هَذَا لَکُمْ وَهَذَا أُهْدِيَ لِي فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَی الْمِنْبَرِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَی عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ مَا بَالُ الْعَامِلِ نَبْعَثُهُ فَيَجِيئُ فَيَقُولُ هَذَا لَکُمْ وَهَذَا أُهْدِيَ لِي أَلَا جَلَسَ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّهِ أَوْ أَبِيهِ فَيَنْظُرَ أَيُهْدَی لَهُ أَمْ لَا لَا يَأْتِي أَحَدٌ مِنْکُمْ بِشَيْئٍ مِنْ ذَلِکَ إِلَّا جَائَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنْ کَانَ بَعِيرًا فَلَهُ رُغَائٌ أَوْ بَقَرَةً فَلَهَا خُوَارٌ أَوْ شَاةً تَيْعَرُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّی رَأَيْنَا عُفْرَةَ إِبِطَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ اللَّهُمَّ هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ

Narrated Abu Humaid al-Saeedi: The Prophet ﷺ appointed a man of Azd called Ibn al-Lutbiyayah (to collect sadaqah). The narrator Ibn al-Sarh said: (He appointed) Ibn al-Utbiyyah to collect the sadaqah. When he returned he said: This is for you and this was given to me as present. So the Prophet ﷺ stood on the pulpit, and after praising and extolling Allah he said: What is the matter with a collector of sadaqah. We send him (to collect sadaqah), and when he return he says: This is for you and this is a present which was given to me. Why did he not sit in his father's or mother's house and see whether it would be given to him or not ? Whoever takes any of it will inevitably bring it on the Day of Resurrection, be it a camel which rumbles, an ox which bellows, or sheep which-bleats. Then raising his arms so that we could see where the hair grow under his armpits, he said: O Allah, have I given full information ? O Allah, have I given full information ?

أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ، ← عُرْوَةَ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← سُفْيَانَ، ← ابْنُ السَّرْحِ وَابْنُ أَبِي خَلَفٍ لَفْظَهُ

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَهْمِ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ بَعَثَنِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَاعِيًا ثُمَّ قَالَ انْطَلِقْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ وَلَا أُلْفِيَنَّکَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَجِيئُ وَعَلَی ظَهْرِکَ بَعِيرٌ مِنْ إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ لَهُ رُغَائٌ قَدْ غَلَلْتَهُ قَالَ إِذًا لَا أَنْطَلِقُ قَالَ إِذًا لَا أُکْرِهُکَ

Narrated Abu Masud al-Ansari: The Prophet ﷺ appointed me to collect sadaqah and then said: Go, Abu Masud, I should not find you on the Day of Judgment carrying a camel of sadaqah on your back, which rumbles, the one you have taken by unfaithful dealing in sadaqah. He said: If it is so, I will not go. He said: Then I do not force you.

أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ ← أَبِي الْجَهْمِ ← مُطَرِّفٍ ← جَرِيرٌ ← عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَی بْنِ فَارِسٍ الْمَعْنَی قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِکُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ مَالِکِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ قَالَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ عُمَرُ حِينَ تَعَالَی النَّهَارُ فَجِئْتُهُ فَوَجَدْتُهُ جَالِسًا عَلَی سَرِيرٍ مُفْضِيًا إِلَی رِمَالِهِ فَقَالَ حِينَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ يَا مَالِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ دَفَّ أَهْلُ أَبْيَاتٍ مِنْ قَوْمِکَ وَإِنِّي قَدْ أَمَرْتُ فِيهِمْ بِشَيْئٍ فَأَقْسِمْ فِيهِمْ قُلْتُ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ غَيْرِي بِذَلِکَ فَقَالَ خُذْهُ فَجَائَهُ يَرْفَأُ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَلْ لَکَ فِي عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَالزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلُوا ثُمَّ جَائَهُ يَرْفَأُ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ هَلْ لَکَ فِي الْعَبَّاسِ وَعَلِيٍّ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلُوا فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا يَعْنِي عَلِيًّا فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَجَلْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا وَأَرِحْهُمَا قَالَ مَالِکُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ خُيِّلَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُمَا قَدَّمَا أُولَئِکَ النَّفَرَ لِذَلِکَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ اتَّئِدَا ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَی أُولَئِکَ الرَّهْطِ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُکُمْ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَائُ وَالْأَرْضُ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ قَالُوا نَعَمْ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَی عَلِيٍّ وَالْعَبَّاسِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُکُمَا بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَائُ وَالْأَرْضُ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ فَقَالَا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ خَصَّ رَسُولَهُ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِخَاصَّةٍ لَمْ يَخُصَّ بِهَا أَحَدًا مِنْ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَی وَمَا أَفَائَ اللَّهُ عَلَی رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلَا رِکَابٍ وَلَکِنَّ اللَّهَ يُسَلِّطُ رُسُلَهُ عَلَی مَنْ يَشَائُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَی کُلِّ شَيْئٍ قَدِيرٌ وَکَانَ اللَّهُ أَفَائَ عَلَی رَسُولِهِ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهَا عَلَيْکُمْ وَلَا أَخَذَهَا دُونَکُمْ فَکَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهَا نَفَقَةَ سَنَةٍ أَوْ نَفَقَتَهُ وَنَفَقَةَ أَهْلِهِ سَنَةً وَيَجْعَلُ مَا بَقِيَ أُسْوَةَ الْمَالِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَی أُولَئِکَ الرَّهْطِ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُکُمْ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَائُ وَالْأَرْضُ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِکَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَی الْعَبَّاسِ وَعَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُکُمَا بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَائُ وَالْأَرْضُ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ ذَلِکَ قَالَا نَعَمْ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجِئْتَ أَنْتَ وَهَذَا إِلَی أَبِي بَکْرٍ تَطْلُبُ أَنْتَ مِيرَاثَکَ مِنْ ابْنِ أَخِيکَ وَيَطْلُبُ هَذَا مِيرَاثَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ فَوَلِيَهَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ قُلْتُ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَوَلِيُّ أَبِي بَکْرٍ فَوَلِيتُهَا مَا شَائَ اللَّهُ أَنْ أَلِيَهَا فَجِئْتَ أَنْتَ وَهَذَا وَأَنْتُمَا جَمِيعٌ وَأَمْرُکُمَا وَاحِدٌ فَسَأَلْتُمَانِيهَا فَقُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتُمَا أَنْ أَدْفَعَهَا إِلَيْکُمَا عَلَی أَنَّ عَلَيْکُمَا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ تَلِيَاهَا بِالَّذِي کَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَلِيهَا فَأَخَذْتُمَاهَا مِنِّي عَلَی ذَلِکَ ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي لِأَقْضِيَ بَيْنَکُمَا بِغَيْرِ ذَلِکَ وَاللَّهِ لَا أَقْضِي بَيْنَکُمَا بِغَيْرِ ذَلِکَ حَتَّی تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمَا عَنْهَا فَرُدَّاهَا إِلَيَّ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد إِنَّمَا سَأَلَاهُ أَنْ يَکُونَ يُصَيِّرُهُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ لَا أَنَّهُمَا جَهِلَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ فَإِنَّهُمَا کَانَا لَا يَطْلُبَانِ إِلَّا الصَّوَابَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا أُوقِعُ عَلَيْهِ اسْمَ الْقَسْمِ أَدَعُهُ عَلَی مَا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ

Narrated Malik bin Aws bin Al-Hadathan: Umar sent for me when the day rose high. I found him sitting on a couch without cover. When I entered upon him, he said: Malik, some people of you tribe gradually came here, and I have ordered to give them something, so distribute it among them. I said: If you assigned this (work) to some other person, (it would be better). He said: Take it. Then Yarfa' came to him and said: Commander of the Faithful, will you permit Uthman bin Affan, Abdur-Rahman bin Awf, al-Zubair bin al-'Awwam, and Saad b, Abi Waqqas (to enter) ? He said: Yes. So he permitted them and they entered. Yarfa' again came to him and said: Commander of the Faithful, would you permit al-Abbas and Ali ? He said: Yes. He then permitted them and they entered. Al-Abbas said: Commander of Faithful, decide between me and this, referring to Ali. Some of them said: Yes, Commander of the Faithful, decide between them and give them comfort. Malik bin Aws said: It occurred to me that both of them brought the other people for this. Umar said: Show patience (do not make haste). He then turned towards those people and said: I adjure you by Allah by Whose order the heaven and earth stand. Do you know that Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We are not inherited whatever we leave is sadaqah (alms). They said: Yes. He then turned towards Ali and al-Abbas and said: I adjure you by Allah by Whose order the heaven and earth stand. Do you know that Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We are not inherited whatever we leave is sadaqah (alms). They said: Yes. He then said: Allah has appointed for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a special portion (in the booty) which he did not do for anyone. Allah, Most High, said: What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from them - for this ye made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry. But Allah gives power to His Messengers over any He pleases ; and Allah has power over all things". Allah bestowed (the property of) Banu al-Nadir on His Messenger. I swear by Allah, he did not reserve it for himself, nor did he take it over and above you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to his share for his maintenance annually, or used to take his contribution and give his family their annual contribution (from this property), then take what remained and deal with it as he did with Allah's property. He then turned towards those people and said: I adjure you by Allah by Whose order the heaven and earth stand. Do you know that ? They said: Yes. He then turned towards Ali and al-Abbas and said: I adjure you by Allah by Whose order the heaven and earth stand. Do you know that ? They said: Yes. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, Abu Bakr said: I am the protector of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then you and this (Ali) came to Abu Bakr, demanding a share from the inheritance of your cousin, and this (Ali) demanding the share of his wife from (the property of her) father. Abu Bakr then said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah. Allah knows that he (Abu Bakr) was true, faithful, rightly-guided, and the follower of Triuth. Abu Bakr then administered it (property of the Prophet). When Abu Bakr died, I said: I am the protector of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr. So I administered whatever Allah wished. Then you and this (Ali) came. Both of you are at one, and your matter is the same. So they asked me for it (property), and I said: If you wish I give it to you on condition that you are bound by the covenant of Allah, meaning that you will administer it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to administer. So you took it from me on that condition. Then again you have come to me so that I decide between you other than that. I swear by Allah, I shall not decide between you other than that till the Last Hour comes. If you helpless, return it to me. Abu Dawud said: They asked him for making it half between them, and not that they were ignorant of the fact the Prophet ﷺ said: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah (alms). They were also seeking the truth. Umar then said: I do not apply the name of division to it ; It leave it on its former condition.

مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← مالک بن أنس ← بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَی بْنِ فَارِسٍ الْمَعْنَی ← الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ

حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهِبٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عُقَيْلِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَی أَبِي بَکْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِمَّا أَفَائَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَکَ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْکُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي کَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَبَی أَبُو بَکْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَی فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَام مِنْهَا شَيْئًا

Narrated Aishah, wife of Prophet ﷺ: Fatimah daughter of Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a messenger to Abu Bakr demanding from him in inheritance of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from what Allah bestowed on him at Madina and Fadak, and what remained of the fifth of Khaibar. Abu Bakr said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has said: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah. The family of Muhammad will eat from this property. I swear by Allah I shall not change it from the former condition of its being sadaqah as it was in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I shall deal with it as the Messenger of Allah dealt with it. Abu Bakr, therefore, refused to give anything to Fatimah from it.

عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ← عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← عُقَيْلِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، ← اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ← يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْحِمْصِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ وَفَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهَا السَّلَام حِينَئِذٍ تَطْلُبُ صَدَقَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّتِي بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَکَ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّمَا يَأْکُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ يَعْنِي مَالَ اللَّهِ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَزِيدُوا عَلَی الْمَأْکَلِ

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: Fatimah was demanding (the property of) sadaqah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Madina and Fadak, and what remained from the fifth of Khaybar. Aishah quoted Abu Bakr as saying: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We are not inherited; whatever we leave is sadaqah. The family of Muhammad will eat from this property, that is, from the property of Allah. They will not take more then their sustenance.

عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← شُعَيْبِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، ← أَبِي ← عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْحِمْصِيُّ،

حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فِيهِ فَأَبَی أَبُو بَکْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهَا ذَلِکَ وَقَالَ لَسْتُ تَارِکًا شَيْئًا کَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْمَلُ بِهِ إِلَّا عَمِلْتُ بِهِ إِنِّي أَخْشَی إِنْ تَرَکْتُ شَيْئًا مِنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ أَزِيغَ فَأَمَّا صَدَقَتُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَدَفَعَهَا عُمَرُ إِلَی عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَغَلَبَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهَا وَأَمَّا خَيْبَرُ وَفَدَکُ فَأَمْسَکَهُمَا عُمَرُ وَقَالَ هُمَا صَدَقَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ کَانَتَا لِحُقُوقِهِ الَّتِي تَعْرُوهُ وَنَوَائِبِهِ وَأَمْرُهُمَا إِلَی مَنْ وَلِيَ الْأَمْرَ قَالَ فَهُمَا عَلَی ذَلِکَ إِلَی الْيَوْمِ

Narrating the above tradition, Aishah added: Abu Bakr refused that to her. Her said: I am not going to leave anything the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to do but I shall carry it out. I fear if I depart a little from his practice, I shall diverge (from the right path). As regards his sadaqah (property) at Madina, Umar had given it to Ali ad Abbas (Allah be pleased with them), and Ali dominated it. As for Khaibar and Fadak, Umar retained them. He said: They were the sadaqah (property) of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, exclusively reserved for his purposes that happened, and for his emergent needs. Their management was assigned to the one who was in authority. He said: They are in that condition to the present day.

فِيهِ فَأَبَی أَبُو بَکْرٍ عَلَيْهَا ذَلِکَ ← عُرْوَةُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← صَالِحٍ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، ← حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مَالِکٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنْ الْأَعْرَجِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تَقْتَسِمُ وَرَثَتِي دِينَارًا مَا تَرَکْتُ بَعْدَ نَفَقَةِ نِسَائِي وَمُؤْنَةِ عَامِلِي فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد مُؤْنَةُ عَامِلِي يَعْنِي أَکَرَةَ الْأَرْضِ

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Prophet ﷺ as saying: Do not distribute dinars among my heirs: Whatever I left after contribution to my wives and provisions for my governor is sadaqah (alms). Abu Dawud said: 'Amil means the workers or laborers on the land (i. e. peasants).

أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← الْأَعْرَجِ ← أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، ← مَالِكٍ، ← عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ حَدِيثًا مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَأَعْجَبَنِي فَقُلْتُ اکْتُبْهُ لِي فَأَتَی بِهِ مَکْتُوبًا مُذَبَّرًا دَخَلَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَعَلِيٌّ عَلَی عُمَرَ وَعِنْدَهُ طَلْحَةُ وَالزُّبَيْرُ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَسَعْدٌ وَهُمَا يَخْتَصِمَانِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِطَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَسَعْدٍ أَلَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ کُلُّ مَالِ النَّبِيِّ صَدَقَةٌ إِلَّا مَا أَطْعَمَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَکَسَاهُمْ إِنَّا لَا نُورَثُ قَالُوا بَلَی قَالَ فَکَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُنْفِقُ مِنْ مَالِهِ عَلَی أَهْلِهِ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِفَضْلِهِ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَوَلِيَهَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ سَنَتَيْنِ فَکَانَ يَصْنَعُ الَّذِي کَانَ يَصْنَعُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ ذَکَرَ شَيْئًا مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِکِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab: AbulBakhtari said: I heard from a man a tradition which I liked. I said to him: Write it down for me. So he brought it clearly written to me. (It says): Al-Abbas and Ali entered upon Umar when Talhah, az-Zubayr, Abdur Rahman and Saad were with him. They (Abbas and Ali) were disputing. Umar said to Talhah, az-Zubayr, Abdur Rahman and Saad: Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: All the property of the Prophet ﷺ is sadaqah (alms), except what he provided for his family for their sustenance and their clothing. We are not to be inherited. They said: Yes, indeed. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to spend from his property on his family, and give the residue as sadaqah (alms). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then died, and Abu Bakr ruled for two years. He would deal with it in the same manner as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did. He then mentioned a little from the tradition of Malik ibn Aws.

أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ ← عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ← شُعْبَةُ، ← عَمْرُو بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِکٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ إِنَّ أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرَدْنَ أَنْ يَبْعَثْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ إِلَی أَبِي بَکْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ فَيَسْأَلْنَهُ ثُمُنَهُنَّ مِنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُنَّ عَائِشَةُ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ

Narrated Aishah: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, the wives of the Prophet ﷺ intended to send Uthman bin Affan to Abu Bakr to ask him their cost of living from (the inheritance of) the Prophet ﷺ. Thereupon Aishah said: Did not the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah.

عَائِشَةَ ← عُرْوَةَ ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← مَالِكٍ، ← الْقَعْنَبِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَی بْنِ فَارِسٍ حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ قُلْتُ أَلَا تَتَّقِينَ اللَّهَ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّمَا هَذَا الْمَالُ لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ لِنَائِبَتِهِمْ وَلِضَيْفِهِمْ فَإِذَا مُتُّ فَهُوَ إِلَی وَلِيِّ الْأَمْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِي

A similar tradition has been narrated by Ibn Shihab through a different chain of narrators. This version says: I said: Do you not fear Allah ? Did you not hear the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah (alms). This property belongs to the family of Muhammad for their emergent needs and their guest. When I die, it will go to him who becomes ruler after me.

ابْنِ شِهَابٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ قُلْتُ أَلَا تَتَّقِينَ اللَّهَ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ← أَسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ← حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ ← إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَی بِنِ فَارِسٍ