حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَرْوِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مَالِکُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ مَالِکِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ وَکَانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ ذَکَرَ لِي ذِکْرًا مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ ذَلِکَ فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّی أَدْخُلَ عَلَی مَالِکِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِکَ الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ مَالِکٌ بَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ فِي أَهْلِي حِينَ مَتَعَ النَّهَارُ إِذَا رَسُولُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ يَأْتِينِي فَقَالَ أَجِبْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّی أَدْخُلَ عَلَی عُمَرَ فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ عَلَی رِمَالِ سَرِيرٍ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ فِرَاشٌ مُتَّکِئٌ عَلَی وِسَادَةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ فَقَالَ يَا مَالِ إِنَّهُ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ قَوْمِکَ أَهْلُ أَبْيَاتٍ وَقَدْ أَمَرْتُ فِيهِمْ بِرَضْخٍ فَاقْبِضْهُ فَاقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِهِ غَيْرِي قَالَ اقْبِضْهُ أَيُّهَا الْمَرْئُ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ عِنْدَهُ أَتَاهُ حَاجِبُهُ يَرْفَا فَقَالَ هَلْ لَکَ فِي عُثْمَانَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَالزُّبَيْرِ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلُوا فَسَلَّمُوا وَجَلَسُوا ثُمَّ جَلَسَ يَرْفَا يَسِيرًا ثُمَّ قَالَ هَلْ لَکَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمَا فَدَخَلَا فَسَلَّمَا فَجَلَسَا فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا وَهُمَا يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِيمَا أَفَائَ اللَّهُ عَلَی رَسُولِهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ مَالِ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ فَقَالَ الرَّهْطُ عُثْمَانُ وَأَصْحَابُهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا وَأَرِحْ أَحَدَهُمَا مِنْ الْآخَرِ قَالَ عُمَرُ تَيْدَکُمْ أَنْشُدُکُمْ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَائُ وَالْأَرْضُ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ يُرِيدُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَفْسَهُ قَالَ الرَّهْطُ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِکَ فَأَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ عَلَی عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُکُمَا اللَّهَ أَتَعْلَمَانِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِکَ قَالَا قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِکَ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَإِنِّي أُحَدِّثُکُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ خَصَّ رَسُولَهُ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا الْفَيْئِ بِشَيْئٍ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ أَحَدًا غَيْرَهُ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ وَمَا أَفَائَ اللَّهُ عَلَی رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ إِلَی قَوْلِهِ قَدِيرٌ فَکَانَتْ هَذِهِ خَالِصَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاللَّهِ مَا احْتَازَهَا دُونَکُمْ وَلَا اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهَا عَلَيْکُمْ قَدْ أَعْطَاکُمُوهَا وَبَثَّهَا فِيکُمْ حَتَّی بَقِيَ مِنْهَا هَذَا الْمَالُ فَکَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَی أَهْلِهِ نَفَقَةَ سَنَتِهِمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ مَا بَقِيَ فَيَجْعَلُهُ مَجْعَلَ مَالِ اللَّهِ فَعَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذَلِکَ حَيَاتَهُ أَنْشُدُکُمْ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِکَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ أَنْشُدُکُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ ذَلِکَ قَالَ عُمَرُ ثُمَّ تَوَفَّی اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَبَضَهَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ فَعَمِلَ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ فِيهَا لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ ثُمَّ تَوَفَّی اللَّهُ أَبَا بَکْرٍ فَکُنْتُ أَنَا وَلِيَّ أَبِي بَکْرٍ فَقَبَضْتُهَا سَنَتَيْنِ مِنْ إِمَارَتِي أَعْمَلُ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنِّي فِيهَا لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي تُکَلِّمَانِي وَکَلِمَتُکُمَا وَاحِدَةٌ وَأَمْرُکُمَا وَاحِدٌ جِئْتَنِي يَا عَبَّاسُ تَسْأَلُنِي نَصِيبَکَ مِنْ ابْنِ أَخِيکَ وَجَائَنِي هَذَا يُرِيدُ عَلِيًّا يُرِيدُ نَصِيبَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا فَقُلْتُ لَکُمَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ فَلَمَّا بَدَا لِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهُ إِلَيْکُمَا قُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتُمَا دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْکُمَا عَلَی أَنَّ عَلَيْکُمَا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وَمِيثَاقَهُ لَتَعْمَلَانِ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ وَبِمَا عَمِلْتُ فِيهَا مُنْذُ وَلِيتُهَا فَقُلْتُمَا ادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْنَا فَبِذَلِکَ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْکُمَا فَأَنْشُدُکُمْ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِکَ قَالَ الرَّهْطُ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَی عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُکُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْکُمَا بِذَلِکَ قَالَا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَتَلْتَمِسَانِ مِنِّي قَضَائً غَيْرَ ذَلِکَ فَوَاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَائُ وَالْأَرْضُ لَا أَقْضِي فِيهَا قَضَائً غَيْرَ ذَلِکَ فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمَا عَنْهَا فَادْفَعَاهَا إِلَيَّ فَإِنِّي أَکْفِيکُمَاهَا
Narrated Malik bin Aus: While I was at home, the sun rose high and it got hot. Suddenly the messenger of `Umar bin Al- Khattab came to me and said, "The chief of the believers has sent for you." So, I went along with him till I entered the place where `Umar was sitting on a bedstead made of date-palm leaves and covered with no mattress, and he was leaning over a leather pillow. I greeted him and sat down. He said, "O Malik! Some persons of your people who have families came to me and I have ordered that a gift should be given to them, so take it and distribute it among them." I said, "O chief of the believers! I wish that you order someone else to do it." He said, "O man! Take it." While I was sitting there with him, his doorman Yarfa' came saying, "`Uthman, `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf, Az-Zubair and Sa`d bin Abi Waqqas are asking your permission (to see you); may I admit them?" `Umar said, "Yes", So they were admitted and they came in, greeted him, and sat down. After a while Yarfa' came again and said, "May I admit `Ali and `Abbas?" `Umar said, "yes." So, they were admitted and they came in and greeted (him) and sat down. Then `Abbas said, "O chief of the believers! Judge between me and this (i.e. `Ali)." They had a dispute regarding the property of Bani An-Nadir which Allah had given to His Apostle as Fai. The group (i.e. `Uthman and his companions) said, "O chief of the believers! Judge between them and relieve both of them front each other." `Umar said, "Be patient! I beseech you by Allah by Whose Permission the Heaven and the Earth exist, do you know that Allah's Apostle said, 'Our (i.e. prophets') property will not be inherited, and whatever we leave, is Sadaqa (to be used for charity),' and Allah's Apostle meant himself (by saying "we'')?" The group said, "He said so." `Umar then turned to `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you by Allah, do you know that Allah's Apostle said so?" They replied, " He said so." `Umar then said, "So, I will talk to you about this matter. Allah bestowed on His Apostle with a special favor of something of this Fai (booty) which he gave to nobody else." `Umar then recited the Holy Verses: "What Allah bestowed as (Fai) Booty on his Apostle (Muhammad) from them --- for this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry: But Allah gives power to His Apostles over whomever He will 'And Allah is able to do all things." 9:6) `Umar added "So this property was especially given to Allah's Apostle, but, by Allah, neither did he take possession of it and leave your, nor did he favor himself with it to your exclusion, but he gave it to all of you and distributed it amongst you till this property remained out of it. Allah's Apostle used to spend the yearly expenses of his family out of this property and used to keep the rest of its revenue to be spent on Allah 's Cause. Allah 's Apostle kept on doing this during all his lifetime. I ask you by Allah do you know this?" They replies in the affirmative. `Umar then said to `Ali and `Abbas. "I ask you by Allah, do you know this?" `Umar added, "When Allah had taken His Prophet unto Him, 'Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Apostle so, Abu Bakr took over that property and managed it in the same way as Allah's Apostle used to do, and Allah knows that he was true, pious and rightlyguided, and he was a follower of what was right. Then Allah took Abu Bakr unto Him and I became Abu Bakr's successor, and I kept that property in my possession for the first two years of my Caliphate, managing it in the same way as Allah's Apostle used to do and as Abu Bakr used to do, and Allah knows that I have been true, pious, rightly guided, and a follower of what is right. Now you both (i.e. 'Ah and `Abbas) came to talk to me, bearing the same claim and presenting the same case; you, `Abbas, came to me asking for your share from your nephew's property, and this man, i.e. `Ali, came to me asking for his wife's share from her father's property. I told you both that Allah's Apostle said, 'Our (prophets') properties are not to be inherited, but what we leave is Sadaqa (to be used for charity).' When I thought it right that I should hand over this property to you, I said to you, 'I am ready to hand over this property to you if you wish, on the condition that you would take Allah's Pledge and Convention that you would manage it in the same way as Allah's Apostle used to, and as Abu Bakr used to do, and as I have done since I was in charge of it.' So, both of you said (to me), 'Hand it over to us,' and on that condition I handed it over to you. So, I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to them on this condition?" The group aid, "Yes." Then `Umar faced `Ali and `Abbas saying, "I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to you on this condition?" They said, "Yes. " He said, " Do you want now to give a different decision? By Allah, by Whose Leave both the Heaven and the Earth exist, I will never give any decision other than that (I have already given). And if you are unable to manage it, then return it to me, and I will do the job on your behalf."
کَانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ ← مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← مالک بن أنس ← إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَرْوِي
