حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَسْرَى قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَوْمُكَ وَأَهْلُكَ اسْتَبْقِهِمْ وَاسْتَأْنِ بِهِمْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ وَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْرَجُوكَ وَكَذَّبُوكَ قَرِّبْهُمْ فَاضْرِبْ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ قَالَ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ انْظُرْ وَادِيًا كَثِيرَ الْحَطَبِ فَأَدْخِلْهُمْ فِيهِ ثُمَّ أَضْرِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ نَارًا قَالَ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ قَطَعْتَ رَحِمَكَ قَالَ فَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَالَ فَقَالَ نَاسٌ يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَقَالَ نَاسٌ يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ عُمَرَ وَقَالَ نَاسٌ يَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُلِينُ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَلْيَنَ مِنْ اللَّبَنِ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَشُدُّ قُلُوبَ رِجَالٍ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَكُونَ أَشَدَّ مِنْ الْحِجَارَةِ وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَمَثَلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام قَالَ مَنْ تَبِعَنِي فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَإِنَّكَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ وَمَثَلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَمَثَلِ عِيسَى قَالَ إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ وَإِنَّ مَثَلَكَ يَا عُمَرُ كَمَثَلِ نُوحٍ قَالَ رَبِّ لَا تَذَرْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنْ الْكَافِرِينَ دَيَّارًا وَإِنَّ مِثْلَكَ يَا عُمَرُ كَمَثَلِ مُوسَى قَالَ رَبِّ اشْدُدْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى يَرَوْا الْعَذَابَ الْأَلِيمَ أَنْتُمْ عَالَةٌ فَلَا يَنْفَلِتَنَّ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا بِفِدَاءٍ أَوْ ضَرْبَةِ عُنُقٍ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا سُهَيْلُ ابْنُ بَيْضَاءَ فَإِنِّي قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَذْكُرُ الْإِسْلَامَ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ قَالَ فَمَا رَأَيْتُنِي فِي يَوْمٍ أَخْوَفَ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَيَّ حِجَارَةٌ مِنْ السَّمَاءِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ حَتَّى قَالَ إِلَّا سُهَيْلُ ابْنُ بَيْضَاءَ قَالَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا وَاللَّهُ يُرِيدُ الْآخِرَةَ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ لَوْلَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ
مسند امام احمد بن حنبل · Hadith 3632
It was narrated that 'Abdullah (RA) said: On the day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: "What do you think (we should do with) these prisoners?" Abu Bakr said: O Messenger of Allah, they are your people and your family; keep them alive and give them respite, and perhaps Allah may cause them to repent. 'Umar said: O Messenger of Allah, they drove you out and dis- believed you, bring them forth and strike their necks. 'Abdullah bin Rawahah said: O Messenger of Allah, find a valley with a lot of wood and put them there, then set it alight. AI-' Abbas said: Then you will have severed your ties of kinship with them. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) went in and did not give them any answer. Some people said: He will follow the suggestion of Abu Bakr. Others said: He will follow the suggestion of 'Umar; others said: He will follow the suggestion of 'Abdullah bin Rawahah. Then the Messenger of Allah came out and said: Allah may make some men's hearts so soft that they are softer than milk, and He may make some men's hearts so hard that they are harder than rock, Your likeness, O Abu Bakr, is that of Ibraheem (AS) who said: 'But whoso follows me, he verily, is of me. And whoso disobeys me, still You are indeed Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful' [Ibraheem 14:36] and your likeness, O Abu Bakr, is that of Eesa who said: 'If You punish l hem, they are Your slaves, and if You forgive them, verily. You, only You, are the All-Mighty, the All- Wise' fal-Ma'idah 5:118], And your likeness, O 'Umar, is that of Nooh who said: 'My Lord! Leave not one of the disbelievers on the earth!' [Nooh 71:26], and your likeness, O 'Umar, is that of Moosa, who said: My Lord, 'harden their hearts, so that they will not believe until they see the painful torment' [Yoonus 10:88], You are poor, so none of them should be set free except in return for a ransom or his neck should be struck." 'Abdullah said: i said: O Messenger of Allah, except Suhail bin Baida', for I heard him speak well of Islam. He remained silent, and I was never more afraid that a rock would fall on me from heaven except on that day, until he said: "Except Suhail bin Baida'." Then Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, revealed the words: "It is not for a Prophet that he should have prisoners of war (and free them with ransom) until he had made a great slaughter (among his enemies) in the land. You desire the good of this world (i.e. the money of ransom for freeing the captives), but Allah desires (for you) the Hereafter. And Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise. Were it not a previous ordainment from Allah, a severe torment would have touched you for what you took" [al-Anfal 8:67-68],
Sanad
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ