حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا کَهْمَسٌ عَنْ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَی بْنِ يَعْمَرَ قَالَ کَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ تَکَلَّمَ فِي الْقَدَرِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ مَعْبَدٌ الْجُهَنِيُّ فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ حَاجَّيْنِ أَوْ مُعْتَمِرَيْنِ فَقُلْنَا لَوْ لَقِينَا أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَمَّا يَقُولُ هَؤُلَائِ فِي الْقَدَرِ فَوَفَّقَ اللَّهُ لَنَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ دَاخِلًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَاکْتَنَفْتُهُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي سَيَکِلُ الْکَلَامَ إِلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ ظَهَرَ قِبَلَنَا نَاسٌ يَقْرَئُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَتَفَقَّرُونَ الْعِلْمَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَا قَدَرَ وَالْأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا لَقِيتَ أُولَئِکَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنِّي بَرِيئٌ مِنْهُمْ وَهُمْ بُرَآئُ مِنِّي وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِأَحَدِهِمْ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا فَأَنْفَقَهُ مَا قَبِلَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّی يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ لَا يُرَی عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلَا نَعْرِفُهُ حَتَّی جَلَسَ إِلَی النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْنَدَ رُکْبَتَيْهِ إِلَی رُکْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ کَفَّيْهِ عَلَی فَخِذَيْهِ وَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّکَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِکَتِهِ وَکُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ کَأَنَّکَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَکُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاکَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنْ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَی الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَائَ الشَّائِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَبِثْتُ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَنْ السَّائِلُ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاکُمْ يُعَلِّمُکُمْ دِينَکُمْ
Yahya bin Yamur said: The first to speak on Divine decree in al-Basrah was MAbad al Juhani. I and Humaid bin Abdur-Rahman al-Himyari proceeded to perform HAJJ or UmrAH. We said: would that we meet any of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that we could ask him about what they say with regard to divine decree. So Allah helped us to meet Abdullah bin Umar who was entering the mosque. So I and my companion surrounded him, and I thought that my companion would entrust me the task of speaking to him. Then I said: Abu Abdur-Rahman, there appeared on our side some people who recite the Quran and are engaged in the hair-splitting of knowledge. They conceive that there is no Divine decree and everything happens freely without predestination. He said: When you meet those people, tell them that I am free from them, and they are free from me. By Him by Whom swears Abdullah bin Umar, if one of them has gold equivalent to Uhud and he spends it, Allah will not accept it from him until he believes in Divine decree. He then said: Umar bin Khattab transmitted to me a tradition, saying: One day when we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a man with very white clothing and very black hair came up to us. No mark of travel was visible on him, and we did not recognize him. Sitting down beside the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, leaning his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs, he said: tell me, Muhammad, about Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Islam means that you should testify that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is Allah’s Messenger, that you should observe prayer, pay ZAKAT, fast during RAMADAN, and perform Hajj to the house (i. e., KABAH), If you have the meant to go. He said: You have spoken the truth. We were surprised at his questioning him and then declaring that he spoke the truth. He said: now tell me about faith. He replied: It means that you should believe in Allah, his angels, his Books, his Messengers and the last day, and that you should believe in the decreeing both of good and evil. He said: you have spoken the truth. He said: now tell me about doing good (ihsan). He replied: it means that you should worship Allah as though you are seeing him; if you are not seeing him, he is seeing you. He said: Now tell me about the hour. He replied: The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the one who is asking. He said: Then tell me about its signs. He replied: That a maidservant should beget her mistress, and that you should see barefooted, naked, poor men and shepherds exalting themselves in buildings. Umar said: He then went away, and I waited for three days, then he said: Do you know who the questioner was, Umar? I replied: Allah and his Messenger know best. He said: He was Gabriel who came to you to teach you your religion.
یَّحْیَی بْنِ یَعْمُرَ ← ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، ← كَهْمَسٍ، ← أَبِي ← عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ،
Sunan Abi Dawood · Model Behavior Of The Prophet (Kitab Al-Sunnah) › Chapter · Hadith 4695
