Death & Funeral

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي حَسَّانُ بْنُ عَطِيَّةَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا فَرَغَ أَحَدُکُمْ مِنْ التَّشَهُّدِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَتَعَوَّذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ أَرْبَعٍ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَمِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ وَمِنْ شَرِّ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: When one of you finishes the last tashahhud, he should seek refuge in Allah from four things: the punishment in Hell, the punishment in the grave, the trail of life and death, and the evil of Antichrist.

أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهُ ← حَسَّانُ بْنُ عَطِیَّۃَ، ← الْاَوْزَاعِیُّ ← الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ يُونُسَ الْيَمَامِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَاوُسٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ طَاوُسٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ کَانَ يَقُولُ بَعْدَ التَّشَهُّدِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الدَّجَّالِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ used to say after the tashahhud: "O Allah, I seek refuge in Thee from the punishment in Hell, and I seek refuge in Thee from the punishment in the grave, and I seek refuge in Thee from the trial of antichrist, and I seek refuge in Thee from the trial of life and death. "

النَّبِيِّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ ← ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ← طَاوْسٍ ← أَبِيهِ ← محمد بن عبد الله بن طاوس، ← عُمَرُ بْنُ يُونُسَ الْيَمَامِيُّ، ← وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ،

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا وَکِيعٌ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ کَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَعَوَّذُ مِنْ خَمْسٍ مِنْ الْجُبْنِ وَالْبُخْلِ وَسُوئِ الْعُمُرِ وَفِتْنَةِ الصَّدْرِ وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab: The Prophet ﷺ used to seek refuge in Allah from five things; cowardliness, niggardliness, the evils of old age, evil thoughts, and punishment in the grave.

عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، ← عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ1 ← أَبِي إِسْحَقَ ← اِسْرَائِیْلُ ← وَكِيعٌ، ← عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ أَخْبَرَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِکٍ يَقُولُ کَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ الْعَجْزِ وَالْکَسَلِ وَالْجُبْنِ وَالْبُخْلِ وَالْهَرَمِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ

Anas bin Malik said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say: "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from weakness, and laziness, and cowardice, and old age, and I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave, and I seek refuge in You from the trails of the life and death. "

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ← اَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِکٍ، ← أَبِي ← الْمُعْتَمِرُ، ← مُسَدَّدٌ

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِکٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ الْمَکِّيِّ عَنْ طَاوُسٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ کَانَ يُعَلِّمُهُمْ هَذَا الدُّعَائَ کَمَا يُعَلِّمُهُمْ السُّورَةَ مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ

Abdullah bin Abbas said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to teach us this supplication as he taught us the surah from the Quran. He would say: O Allah! I seek refuge in You from the punishment of Hell and I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave, and I seek refuge from You from the trails of Al-Masihid-Dajjal, and I seek refuge in You from the trials of life and death.

عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ← طَاوْسٍ ← أَبِي الزبير المكي ← مَالِكٍ، ← الْقَعْنَبِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا مَکِّيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَيْفِيٍّ مَوْلَی أَفْلَحَ مَوْلَی أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي الْيَسَرِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ کَانَ يَدْعُو اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ الْهَدْمِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ التَّرَدِّي وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ مِنْ الْغَرَقِ وَالْحَرَقِ وَالْهَرَمِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ أَنْ يَتَخَبَّطَنِي الشَّيْطَانُ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ أَنْ أَمُوتَ فِي سَبِيلِکَ مُدْبِرًا وَأَعُوذُ بِکَ أَنْ أَمُوتَ لَدِيغًا

Narrated AbulYusr: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to supplicate: "O Allah, I seek refuge in Thee from my house falling on me, I seek refuge in Thee from falling into an abyss, I seek refuge in Thee from drowning burning and decrepitude. I seek refuge in Thee from the devil harming me at the time of my death, I seek refuge in Thee from dying in Thy path while retreating, and I seek refuge in Thee from dying of the sting of a poisonous creature. "

أَبِي الْيَسَرِ ← صَيْفِيٍّ مَوْلَی أَفْلَحَ مَوْلَی أَبِي أَيُّوبَ ← عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ← مَكِّيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ← عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يُونُسَ حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَطَائٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ بُرَيْدَةَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ کُنْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَی أُمِّي بِوَلِيدَةٍ وَإِنَّهَا مَاتَتْ وَتَرَکَتْ تِلْکَ الْوَلِيدَةَ قَالَ قَدْ وَجَبَ أَجْرُکِ وَرَجَعَتْ إِلَيْکِ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ

Buraidah said A woman came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said I gave a slave girl as sadaqah to my mother who has now died and has left that slave girl. He said your reward is sure and the inheritance has given her back to you.

قَدْ وَجَبَ أَجْرُکِ وَرَجَعَتْ إِلَيْکِ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ ← کُنْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَی أُمِّي بِوَلِيدَةٍ وَإِنَّهَا مَاتَتْ وَتَرَکَتْ تِلْکَ الْوَلِيدَةَ ← أَبِيهِ بُرَيْدَةَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ← عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ ← عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَائٍ ← زُهَيْرٍ ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يُونُسَ،

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ فِرَاسٍ عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَ عَنْهَا وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا الصَّدَاقَ فَقَالَ لَهَا الصَّدَاقُ کَامِلًا وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ فَقَالَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَی بِهِ فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ

Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: Masruq said on the authority of Abdullah ibn Masud: Abdullah (ibn Masud ) was asked about a man who had married a woman without cohabiting with her or fixing any dower for her till he died. Ibn Masud said: She should receive the full dower (as given to women of her class), observe the waiting period ('Iddah), and have her share of inheritance. Thereupon Maqil ibn Sinan said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ giving the same decision regarding Birwa daughter of Washiq (as the decision you have given).

مَسْرُوقٍ ← الشَّعْبِيِّ، ← فِرَاسٍ، ← سُفْيَانَ، ← عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ← عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ خِلَاسٍ وَأَبِي حَسَّانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ أُتِيَ فِي رَجُلٍ بِهَذَا الْخَبَرِ قَالَ فَاخْتَلَفُوا إِلَيْهِ شَهْرًا أَوْ قَالَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَقُولُ فِيهَا إِنَّ لَهَا صَدَاقًا کَصَدَاقِ نِسَائِهَا لَا وَکْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَإِنَّ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثَ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ فَإِنْ يَکُ صَوَابًا فَمِنْ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ يَکُنْ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنْ الشَّيْطَانِ وَاللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ بَرِيئَانِ فَقَامَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فِيهِمْ الْجَرَّاحُ وَأَبُو سِنَانٍ فَقَالُوا يَا ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ نَحْنُ نَشْهَدُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَاهَا فِينَا فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ وَإِنَّ زَوْجَهَا هِلَالُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ کَمَا قَضَيْتَ قَالَ فَفَرِحَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ فَرَحًا شَدِيدًا حِينَ وَافَقَ قَضَاؤُهُ قَضَائَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: Abdullah ibn Utbah ibn Masud said: Abdullah ibn Masud was informed of this story of a man. The people continued to visit him for a month or visited him many times (the narrator was not sure). He said: In this matter I hold the opinion that she should receive the type of dower given to women of her class with no diminution or excess, observe the waiting period ('iddah) and have her share of inheritance. If it is erroneous, that is from me and from Satan. Allah and His Messenger are free from its responsibility. Some people from Ashja got up; among them were al-Jarrah and Abu Sinan. They said: Ibn Masud, we bear witness that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a decision for us regarding Birwa, daughter of Washiq, to the same effect as the decision you have given. Her husband was Hilal ibn Murrah al-Ashjai. Thereupon Abdullah ibn Masud was very pleased when his decision agreed with the decision of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.

عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ← خِلاسٍ وأبي حسانَ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، ← يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ ← عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ

قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد قَرَأْتُ عَلَی مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَزِيرٍ الْمِصْرِيِّ قُلْتُ لَهُ حَدَّثَکُمْ بِشْرُ بْنُ بَکْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَطَائٌ عَنْ أَوْسٍ أَخِي عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْطَاهُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ إِطْعَامَ سِتِّينَ مِسْکِينًا قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد وَعَطَائٌ لَمْ يُدْرِکْ أَوْسًا وَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ قَدِيمُ الْمَوْتِ وَالْحَدِيثُ مُرْسَلٌ وَإِنَّمَا رَوَوْهُ عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ عَطَائٍ أَنَّ أَوْسًاَهُو

Abu Dawud said “I recited to Muhammad bin Wazir Al Misri and said to him Bishr bin Bakr narrated it to you and Al Auzai narrated it to us. And he said “At’a narrated it to us on the authority of Aus brother of Ubadah bin Al Samit. The Prophet ﷺ gave him fifteen sa’s of wheat to feed sixty poor people. Abu Dawud said At’a did not meet Aws (bin Al Samit) who was one of the people of Badr and died in the early days of Islam. This version is therefore, mursal (i. e., a successor narrated it directly from the Prophet ﷺ, the link of the Companions is missing). This has been narrated by Al Auzai from At’a from Aus.

أَوْسٍ أَخِي عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ ← عَطَائٍ ← الْاَوْزَاعِیُّ ← عَلَی مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَزِيرٍ الْمِصْرِيِّ قُلْتُ لَهُ حَدَّثَکُمْ بِشْرُ بْنُ بَکْرٍ ← أَبُو دَاوُدَ،

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْعَتَکِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا فُلَيْحٌ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَکَانَتْ حَامِلًا فَأَنْکَرَ حَمْلَهَا فَکَانَ ابْنُهَا يُدْعَی إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ جَرَتْ السُّنَّةُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ أَنْ يَرِثَهَا وَتَرِثَ مِنْهُ مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَهَا

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Sahl bin Saad through a different chain of narrators. This version has “She was pregnant, he denied pregnancy from him. So her son was attributed to her. In the law of succession the practice (sunnah) was established that the son gets a share in the inheritance of his mother and the mother gets the share in the inheritance of her son according to the shares prescribed by Allaah the Exalted.

الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← فُلَيْحٌ، ← سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْعَتَکِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ ح و حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ وَهُوَ أَشْبَعُ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَی عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَی أَنَّ کُلَّ مُسْتَلْحَقٍ اسْتُلْحِقَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ الَّذِي يُدْعَی لَهُ ادَّعَاهُ وَرَثَتُهُ فَقَضَی أَنَّ کُلَّ مَنْ کَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ يَمْلِکُهَا يَوْمَ أَصَابَهَا فَقَدْ لَحِقَ بِمَنْ اسْتَلْحَقَهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مِمَّا قُسِمَ قَبْلَهُ مِنْ الْمِيرَاثِ شَيْئٌ وَمَا أَدْرَکَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَلَهُ نَصِيبُهُ وَلَا يَلْحَقُ إِذَا کَانَ أَبُوهُ الَّذِي يُدْعَی لَهُ أَنْکَرَهُ وَإِنْ کَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ لَمْ يَمْلِکْهَا أَوْ مِنْ حُرَّةٍ عَاهَرَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَلْحَقُ بِهِ وَلَا يَرِثُ وَإِنْ کَانَ الَّذِي يُدْعَی لَهُ هُوَ ادَّعَاهُ فَهُوَ وَلَدُ زِنْيَةٍ مِنْ حُرَّةٍ کَانَ أَوْ أَمَةٍ

Amr bin Shuaib on his father's authority said that his grandfather reported: The Prophet ﷺ decided regarding one who was treated as a member of a family after the death of his father, to whom he was attributed when the heirs said he was one of them, that if he was the child of a slave-woman whom the father owned when he had intercourse with her, he was included among those who sought his inclusion, but received none of the inheritance which was previously divided; he, however, received his portion of the inheritance which had not already been divided; but if the father to whom he was attributed had disowned him, he was not joined to the heirs. If he was a child of a slave-woman whom the father did not possess or of a free woman with whom he had illicit intercourse, he was not joined to the heirs and did not inherit even if the one to whom he was attributed is the one who claimed paternity, since he was a child of fornication whether his mother was free or a slave.

جَدِّهِ، ← أَبِيهِ ← عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ ← سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ وَهُوَ أَشْبَعُ ← يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ← الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ← و، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ، ← شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ عَنْ عِکْرِمَةَ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْکُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَی الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَنُسِخَ ذَلِکَ بِآيَةِ الْمِيرَاثِ بِمَا فَرَضَ لَهُنَّ مِنْ الرُّبُعِ وَالثُّمُنِ وَنُسِخَ أَجَلُ الْحَوْلِ بِأَنْ جُعِلَ أَجَلُهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا

The Quranic verse “Those of you who die and leave widows should bequeath for their widows a year’s maintenance and residence was abrogated by the verse containing the laws of succession, as one-fourth or one-eighth share was prescribed for them (i. e., the widows). The waiting period for one year was also repealed as a period of four months ten days was prescribed for them.

عِكْرِمَةَ، ← يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، ← أَبِيهِ ← عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَی بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ حَدَّثَنَا شِبْلٌ عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَطَائٌ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ نَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عِدَّتَهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَائَتْ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ قَالَ عَطَائٌ إِنْ شَائَتْ اعْتَدَّتْ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ وَسَکَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا وَإِنْ شَائَتْ خَرَجَتْ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْکُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ قَالَ عَطَائٌ ثُمَّ جَائَ الْمِيرَاثُ فَنَسَخَ السُّکْنَی تَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَائَتْ

Ibn Abbas said “The following verse abrogated the rule of passing her waiting period with her people. A year’s maintenance and residence. She may pass her waiting period now anywhere she wishes. Ata said “If she wishes she can pass her waiting period with the people of her husband and live in the house left by her husband by will. Or she may shift if she wishes according to the pronouncement of Allah the Exalted. But if they leave (the residence) there is no blame on you for what they do. Ata’ said “Then the verses regarding inheritance were revealed. The commandment for living in a house (for one year) was repealed. She may pass her waiting period wherever she wishes.

ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ ← شِبْلٌ، ← مُوسَی بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هَانِئٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِکٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ کُلُّ الْمَيِّتِ يُخْتَمُ عَلَی عَمَلِهِ إِلَّا الْمُرَابِطَ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْمُو لَهُ عَمَلُهُ إِلَی يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَيُؤَمَّنُ مِنْ فَتَّانِ الْقَبْرِ

Narrated Fadalah ibn Ubayd: The Prophet ﷺ said: Everyone who dies will have fully complete his action, except one who is on the frontier (in Allah's path), for his deeds will be made to go on increasing till the Day of Resurrection, and he will be safe from the trial in the grave.

فَضَالَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ ← عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِكٍ، ← أَبُو هَانِئٍ ← عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ ← سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِکٍ عَنْ يَحْيَی بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ کَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَی أَبِي قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي عَامِ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا کَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنْ الْمُشْرِکِينَ قَدْ عَلَا رَجُلًا مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَاسْتَدَرْتُ لَهُ حَتَّی أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَی حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَضَمَّنِي ضَمَّةً وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ أَدْرَکَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَنِي فَلَحِقْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا بَالُ النَّاسِ قَالَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ رَجَعُوا وَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ قَالَ فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِکَ الثَّانِيَةَ مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ قَالَ فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِکَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقُمْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا لَکَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ قَالَ فَاقْتَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْقَوْمِ صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَلَبُ ذَلِکَ الْقَتِيلِ عِنْدِي فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ لَاهَا اللَّهِ إِذًا يَعْمِدُ إِلَی أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِ اللَّهِ يُقَاتِلُ عَنْ اللَّهِ وَعَنْ رَسُولِهِ فَيُعْطِيکَ سَلَبَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَدَقَ فَأَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَأَعْطَانِيهِ فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلَمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ

Abu Qatadah said “We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the year of Hunain. And when the armies met, the Muslims suffered a reverse. I saw one of the polytheists prevailing over a Muslim, so I went round him till I came to him from behind and struck him with my sword at the vein between his neck and shoulder. He came towards me and closed with me, so that I felt death was near, but he was overtaken by death and let me go. I then caught upon on “Umar bin Al Khattab and said to him “What is the matter with the people?” He said “It is what Allaah has commanded. Then the people returned and the Messenger of Allah ﷺsat down and said “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down. ” He said again “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down. ” He then said the same for the third time. I then stood up. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “What is the matter with you, Abu Qatadah? I told him the story. A man from the people said “He has spoken the truth, and I have this spoil with me, so make him agreeable (to take something in exchange). Abu Bakr said “In that case I swear by Allaah that he must not do so. One of the Allaah’s heroes does not fight for Allaah and his Messenger and then give you his spoil. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “He has spoken the truth, hand it over to him. Abu Qatadah said “he handed it over to me, I sold the coat of mail and brought a garden among Banu Salamh. This was the first property I acquired in the Islamic period.

أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، ← أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ← عُمَرَ بْنِ کَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ ← يَحْيَی بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ← مَالِكٍ، ← عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْقَعْنَبِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ عَطَائِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ أَنَّهُ کَانَ يَرْعَی لِقْحَةً بِشِعْبٍ مِنْ شِعَابِ أُحُدٍ فَأَخَذَهَا الْمَوْتُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئًا يَنْحَرُهَا بِهِ فَأَخَذَ وَتِدًا فَوَجَأَ بِهِ فِي لَبَّتِهَا حَتَّی أُهَرِيقَ دَمُهَا ثُمَّ جَائَ إِلَی النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِکَ فَأَمَرَهُ بِأَکْلِهَا

Narrated Ata ibn Yasar: A man of Banu Harith was pasturing a pregnant she-camel in one of the ravines of Uhud, (he saw that) it was about to die; he could find nothing to slaughter it; he took a stake and stabbed it in the upper part of its breast until he made its blood flow. He then came to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him about that, and he ordered him to eat it.

رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ ← عَطَائِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ← زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، ← يَعْقُوبُ، ← قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَی بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي نَافِعٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُمَرَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَهُ شَيْئٌ يُوصِي فِيهِ يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ إِلَّا وَوَصِيَّتُهُ مَکْتُوبَةٌ عِنْدَهُ

Narrated Abdullah bin Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: It is the duty of a Muslim man who has something which is to be given as bequest not to have it for two nights without having his will written regarding it.

رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ← عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُمَرَ ← نَافِعٍ ← عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ← يَحْيَی بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ← مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْصَّمَدِ حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُدَّانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ حَدَّثَنِي شَهْرُ بْنُ حَوْشَبٍ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَعْمَلُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ يَحْضُرُهُمَا الْمَوْتُ فَيُضَارَّانِ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ فَتَجِبُ لَهُمَا النَّارُ قَالَ وَقَرَأَ عَلَيَّ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ مِنْ هَا هُنَا مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَی بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ غَيْرَ مُضَارٍّ حَتَّی بَلَغَ ذَلِکَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد هَذَا يَعْنِي الْأَشْعَثَ بْنَ جَابِرٍ جَدَّ نَصْرِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Prophet ﷺ said: A man or a woman acts in obedience to Allah for sixty years, then when they are about to die they cause injury by their will, so they must go to Hell. Then Abu Hurairah recited: "After a legacy which you bequeath or a debt, causing no injury. . . that will be the mighty success. Abu Dawud said: Al-Ashath bin Jabir is the grandfather of Nasr bin Ali.

شَهْرُ بْنُ حَوْشَبٍ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ← الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ ← نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُدَّانِيُّ ← عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ ← عَبْدَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ عَنْ عِکْرِمَةَ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِنْ تَرَکَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ فَکَانَتْ الْوَصِيَّةُ کَذَلِکَ حَتَّی نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ

Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Quranic verse goes: " (It is prescribed when death approaches any of you), if he leaves any goods, that he may bequest to parents and next to kin. " The bequest was made in this way until the verse of inheritance repealed it.

عِكْرِمَةَ، ← يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، ← أَبِيهِ ← عَلِیُّ بْنُ حُسَیْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ