حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي صَفْوَانُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِکٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ مُؤْتَةَ فَرَافَقَنِي مَدَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ غَيْرُ سَيْفِهِ فَنَحَرَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ جَزُورًا فَسَأَلَهُ الْمَدَدِيُّ طَائِفَةً مِنْ جِلْدِهِ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ فَاتَّخَذَهُ کَهَيْئَةِ الدَّرْقِ وَمَضَيْنَا فَلَقِينَا جُمُوعَ الرُّومِ وَفِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ عَلَی فَرَسٍ لَهُ أَشْقَرَ عَلَيْهِ سَرْجٌ مُذْهَبٌ وَسِلَاحٌ مُذْهَبٌ فَجَعَلَ الرُّومِيُّ يُغْرِي بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَعَدَ لَهُ الْمَدَدِيُّ خَلْفَ صَخْرَةٍ فَمَرَّ بِهِ الرُّومِيُّ فَعَرْقَبَ فَرَسَهُ فَخَرَّ وَعَلَاهُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَحَازَ فَرَسَهُ وَسِلَاحَهُ فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَأَخَذَ مِنْ السَّلَبِ قَالَ عَوْفٌ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا خَالِدُ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَی بِالسَّلَبِ لِلْقَاتِلِ قَالَ بَلَی وَلَکِنِّي اسْتَکْثَرْتُهُ قُلْتُ لَتَرُدَّنَّهُ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ لَأُعَرِّفَنَّکَهَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَبَی أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ عَوْفٌ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ قِصَّةَ الْمَدَدِيِّ وَمَا فَعَلَ خَالِدٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا خَالِدُ مَا حَمَلَکَ عَلَی مَا صَنَعْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ اسْتَکْثَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا خَالِدُ رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْهُ قَالَ عَوْفٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ دُونَکَ يَا خَالِدُ أَلَمْ أَفِ لَکَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَا ذَلِکَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ قَالَ فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا خَالِدُ لَا تَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِکُونَ لِي أُمَرَائِي لَکُمْ صَفْوَةُ أَمْرِهِمْ وَعَلَيْهِمْ کَدَرُهُ
سنن ابودوٗد · Hadith 2719
Awf bin malik Al Ashjai said “I went out with Zaid bin Harith in the battle of Mutah. For the reinforcement of the Muslim army a man from the people of Yemen accompanied me. He had only his sword with him. A man from the Muslims slaughtered a Camel. The man for the reinforcement asked him for a part of its skin which he gave him. He made it like the shape of a shield. We went on and met the Byzantine armies. There was a man among them on a reddish horse with a golden saddle and golden weapons. This Byzantinian soldiers began to attack the Muslims desperately. The man for reinforcement sat behind a rock for (attacking) him. He hamstrung his horse and overpowered him and then killed him. He took his horse and weapons. When Allah, Most High, bestowed victory on the Muslims. Khalid bin Al Walid sent for him and took his spoils. Awf said “I came to him and said “Khalid, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had decided to give spoils to the killer? He said “Yes, I thought it abundant. I said “You should return it to him, or I shall tell you about it before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. But he refused to return it. Awf said “We then assembled with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I told him the story of the man of reinforcement and what Khalid had done. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Khalid, what made you do the work you have done?” He said “Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I considered it to be abundant. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Khalid, return it to him what you have taken from him. ” Awf said “I said to him “here you are, Khalid. Did I not keep my word? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “What is that? I then informed him. ” He said “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ became angry and said “Khalid, do not return it to him. Are you going to leave my commanders? You may take from them what is best for you and eave to them what is worst.
Translated by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan · Reviewed by Islamic University of Madinah · Published March 2020