أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَی بْنِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَحْبُوبٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُوسَی قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَقَ هُوَ الْفَزَارِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْئٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ قَالَ هَذَا مَفَاتِحُ کَلَامِ اللَّهِ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةُ لِلَّهِ قَالَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِي هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَهْمِ الرَّسُولِ وَسَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَی فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ سَهْمُ الرَّسُولِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْخَلِيفَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَقَالَ قَائِلٌ سَهْمُ ذِي الْقُرْبَی لِقَرَابَةِ الرَّسُولِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ قَائِلٌ سَهْمُ ذِي الْقُرْبَی لِقَرَابَةِ الْخَلِيفَةِ فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَی أَنْ جَعَلُوا هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ فِي الْخَيْلِ وَالْعُدَّةِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَکَانَا فِي ذَلِکَ خِلَافَةَ أَبِي بَکْرٍ وَعُمَرَ
سنن نسائی · Hadith 4158
It was narrated that Qais bin Muslim said: ‘I asked Al-Hasan bin Muhammad about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime: ‘And know that whatever of spoils of war that you may gain, verily, one-fifth of it is assigned to Alah.’ He said: ‘This is the key to the Speech of Allah. This world and the Hereafter belong to Allah.’ He said: ‘They differed concerning these two shares after the death of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم the share of the Messenger and the share of the near relatives (of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم ). Some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the Messenger , and some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the KhalIfah. Then they agreed that these two shares should be spent on horses and equipment in the cause of Allah, and they were allocated for this purpose during the Khilafah of Abu Bakr and ‘Umar.” (Sahih)
Translated by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan · Reviewed by Islamic University of Madinah · Published March 2020