حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ أُنْزِلَتْ فِيَّ أَرْبَعُ آيَاتٍ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ أَصَبْتُ سَيْفًا فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَفِّلْنِيهِ فَقَالَ ضَعْهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَفِّلْنِيهِ فَقَالَ ضَعْهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَفِّلْنِيهِ أُجْعَلْ كَمَنْ لَا غَنَاءَ لَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَعْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخَذْتَهُ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنْ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلْ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ قَالَ وَصَنَعَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ طَعَامًا فَدَعَانَا فَشَرِبْنَا الْخَمْرَ حَتَّى انْتَشَيْنَا قَالَ فَتَفَاخَرَتْ الْأَنْصَارُ وَقُرَيْشٌ فَقَالَتْ الْأَنْصَارُ نَحْنُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْكُمْ وَقَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ نَحْنُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْكُمْ فَأَخَذَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ لَحْيَيْ جَزُورٍ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ أَنْفَ سَعْدٍ فَفَزَرَهُ قَالَ فَكَانَ أَنْفُ سَعْدٍ مَفْزُورًا قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنْصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ قَالَ وَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَعْدٍ أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ قَدْ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْبِرِّ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا أَطْعَمُ طَعَامًا وَلَا أَشْرَبُ شَرَابًا حَتَّى أَمُوتَ أَوْ تَكْفُرَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ فَكَانُوا إِذَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يُطْعِمُوهَا شَجَرُوا فَاهَا بِعَصًا ثُمَّ أَوْجَرُوهَا قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا قَالَ وَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى سَعْدٍ وَهُوَ مَرِيضٌ يَعُودُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَبِثُلُثَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَا قَالَ فَبِثُلُثِهِ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ
مسند امام احمد بن حنبل · Hadith 1614
It was narrated from Mus'ab bin Saad that his father said: Four verses were revealed concerning me. One the day of Badr, I acquired a sword (as booty) and I said: O Messenger of Allah, grant it to me (in addition to my share of the booty), He said: "Put it down." Then he stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah, give it to me, and he said: "Put it down." Then he stood up and said; O Messenger of Allah, give it to me; shall I be treated like one who is of no use (in war)? He said: "Put it back where you got it from." Then this verse was revealed: ''They ask you (O Muhammad (PBUH)) about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger" [al-Anfal 8:1], A man of the Ansar made some food and invited us, and we drank wine until we got drunk. Then the Ansar and Quraish began to boast to one another. The Ansar said: We are better than you, Quraish said: We are better than you. An Ansari man picked up the jawbone of a camel and struck the nose of Saad with it, and Saad's nose was cut. Then this verse was revealed: "O you who believe! Intoxicants (all kinds of alcoholic drinks), and gambling, and Al- Ansab (stone altars for sacrifices to idols etc), and Al-Azlam (arrows for seeking luck or decision) are an abomination of Shaitan's (Satan's) handiwork. So avoid (strictly all) that (abomination) in order that you may be successful. Shaitan (Satan) wants only to excite enmity and hatred between you with intoxicants (alcoholic drinks) and gambling, and hinder you from the remembrance of Allah and from A s- Salah (the prayer). So, will you not then abstain?" [al-Ma'idah 5:90, 91]. The mother of Saad said: Didn't Allah command you to honour your parents? By Allah, I shall not eat any food or drink anything until I die or you disbelieve in Muhammad. When they wanted to feed her, they opened her mouth with a stick and poured {food or water) into it. Then this verse was revealed: “And We have enjoined on man to be good and dutiful to his parents" [al- 'Ankaboot 29:8]. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) entered upon Saad to visit him when he was sick. He said: O Messenger of Allah, can 1 bequeath all my wealth (to charity)? He said: “No." He said: Two thirds of it? He said: "No." He said: One third? And he remained silent.
Translated by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan · Reviewed by Islamic University of Madinah · Published March 2020
Sanad
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ