حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ كَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ الرُّومُ عَلَى فَارِسَ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ كِتَابٍ وَكَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ فَارِسُ عَلَى الرُّومِ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ أَوْثَانٍ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَذَكَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ سَيَهْزِمُونَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَهُمْ فَقَالُوا اجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ أَجَلًا فَإِنْ ظَهَرُوا كَانَ لَكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَإِنْ ظَهَرْنَا كَانَ لَنَا كَذَا وَكَذَا فَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمْ أَجَلًا خَمْسَ سِنِينَ فَلَمْ يَظْهَرُوا فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَلَا جَعَلْتَهُ أُرَاهُ قَالَ دُونَ الْعَشْرِ قَالَ وَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ الْبِضْعُ مَا دُونَ الْعَشْرِ قَالَ فَظَهَرَتْ الرُّومُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى الم غُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَى الْأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ قَالَ فَغُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ بَعْدُ ثُمَّ غَلَبَتْ بَعْدُ قَالَ لِلَّهِ الْأَمْرُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَمِنْ بَعْدُ وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ قَالَ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ
مسند امام احمد بن حنبل · Hadith 2770
It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: The Muslims wanted the Byzantines to prevail against the Persians, because they were people of the Book, and the mushrikeen wanted the Persians to prevail against the Byzantines, because they were idol-wor- shippers. The Muslims mentioned this to Abu Bakr, and Abu Bakr mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), and the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said to him: "They will certainly be defeated." Abu Bakr mentioned that to them and they said: Let us set a deadline: if they prevail, you will have such and such, and if we prevail, we will have such and such. So they set a deadline of five years, but they did not prevail. Abu Bakr mentioned that to the Prophet (PBUH) and he said; "Why didn't you make it within ten years?" - Sa'eed said: Less than ten years Then the Byzantines prevailed after that. That is what Allah said: 1. Alif-Lam-Meem. 2. The Romans have been defeated 3. In the nearest land (Syria, Iraq, Jordan, and Palestine), and they, after their defeat, will be victorious. 4. Within three to nine years [ar- Room 30:1-4]. And the Byzantines were defeated, then they prevailed after that. "The decision of the matter, before and after (these events) is only with Allah, (before the defeat of the Romans by the Persians, and after the defeat of the Persians by the Romans). And on that day, the believers (i.e. Muslims) will rejoice (at the victory given by Allah to the Romans against the Persians)" [ar- Room 30:4], He said: The Muslims will rejoice at the victory granted by Allah.
Translated by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan · Reviewed by Islamic University of Madinah · Published March 2020
Sanad
حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ