Sunan Abi Dawood

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْروِ بْنِ السَّرْحِ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ التَّنُوخِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْعِلْمُ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَمَا سِوَی ذَلِکَ فَهُوَ فَضْلٌ آيَةٌ مُحْکَمَةٌ أَوْ سُنَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ أَوْ فَرِيضَةٌ عَادِلَةٌ

Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As: The Prophet ﷺ said: Knowledge has three categories; anything else is extra; a precise verse, or an established sunnah (practice), or a firm obligatory duty.

عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ← عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ التَّنُوخِيِّ، ← عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ ← ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ السَّرْحِ،

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الْمُنْکَدِرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرًا يَقُولُ مَرِضْتُ فَأَتَانِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي هُوَ وَأَبُو بَکْرٍ مَاشِيَيْنِ وَقَدْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيَّ فَلَمْ أُکَلِّمْهُ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَصَبَّهُ عَلَيَّ فَأَفَقْتُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ کَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ فِي مَالِي وَلِي أَخَوَاتٌ قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْمَوَارِيثِ يَسْتَفْتُونَکَ قُلْ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيکُمْ فِي الْکَلَالَةِ

Narrated Jabir: I fell ill, and the Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr came to me on foot to visit me. As I was unconscious, I could not speak to him. He performed ablution and sprinkled water on me ; so I became conscious. I said: Messenger of Allah, how should I do in my property, as I have sisters? Thereafter the verse about inheritance was revealed: "They ask thee for legal decision. Say: Allah directs (thus) about those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs. "

جَابِرًا ← ابْنِ الْمُنْکَدِرِ أَنَّہُ ← سُفْيَانَ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا کَثِيرُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ يَعْنِي الدَّسْتُوَائِيَّ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ اشْتَکَيْتُ وَعِنْدِي سَبْعُ أَخَوَاتٍ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَفَخَ فِي وَجْهِي فَأَفَقْتُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَا أُوصِي لِأَخَوَاتِي بِالثُّلُثِ قَالَ أَحْسِنْ قُلْتُ الشَّطْرُ قَالَ أَحْسِنْ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَتَرَکَنِي فَقَالَ يَا جَابِرُ لَا أُرَاکَ مَيِّتًا مِنْ وَجَعِکَ هَذَا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ فَبَيَّنَ الَّذِي لِأَخَوَاتِکَ فَجَعَلَ لَهُنَّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ قَالَ فَکَانَ جَابِرٌ يَقُولُ أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِيَّ يَسْتَفْتُونَکَ قُلْ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيکُمْ فِي الْکَلَالَةِ

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: I fell ill, and I had seven sisters. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to me and blew on my face. So I became conscious. I said: Messenger of Allah, may I not bequeath one-third of my property to my sisters? He replied: Do good. I asked: Half? He replied: Do good. He then went out and left me, and said: I do not think, Jabir, you will die of this disease. Allah has revealed (verses) and described the share of your sisters. He appointed two-thirds for them. Jabir used to say: This verse was revealed about me: "They ask thee for a legal decision. Say: Allah directs (thus) about those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs.

جَابِرٍ ← أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ← هِشَامُ يَعْنِي الدُّسْتُوَائِيَّ ← کَثِیْرُ بْنُ ھِشَامِ ← عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ الْبَرَائِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ آخِرُ آيَةٍ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْکَلَالَةِ يَسْتَفْتُونَکَ قُلْ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيکُمْ فِي الْکَلَالَةِ

Narrated Al-Bara bin Azib: The last verse revealed about the decease who left no descendants or ascendants: "They ask thee for the legal decision. Say: Allah directs (thus) about those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs. "

آخِرُ آيَةٍ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْکَلَالَةِ يَسْتَفْتُونَکَ قُلْ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيکُمْ فِي الْکَلَالَةِ ← الْبَرَائِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ ← أَبِي إِسْحَقَ ← شُعْبَةُ، ← مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ

حَدَّثَنَا مَنْصُورُ بْنُ أَبِي مُزَاحِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ عَنْ الْبَرَائِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ جَائَ رَجُلٌ إِلَی النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَسْتَفْتُونَکَ فِي الْکَلَالَةِ فَمَا الْکَلَالَةُ قَالَ تُجْزِيکَ آيَةُ الصَّيْفِ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِسْحَقَ هُوَ مَنْ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَلَدًا وَلَا وَالِدًا قَالَ کَذَلِکَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ کَذَلِکَ

Narrated Al-Bara ibn Azib: A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah, they ask thee for a legal decision about a kalalah. What is meant by kalalah? He replied: The verse revealed in summer is sufficient for you. I asked Abu Ishaq: Does it mean a person who dies and leaves neither children nor father? He said: This is so. The people think it is so.

جَائَ رَجُلٌ إِلَی النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ ← الْبَرَائِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ ← أَبِي إِسْحَقَ ← أَبُو بَکْرٍ ← مَنْصُورُ بْنُ أَبِي مُزَاحِمٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَامِرِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي قَيْسٍ الْأَوْدِيِّ عَنْ هُزَيْلِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ الْأَوْدِيِّ قَالَ جَائَ رَجُلٌ إِلَی أَبِي مُوسَی الْأَشْعَرِيِّ وَسَلْمَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ فَسَأَلَهُمَا عَنْ ابْنَةٍ وَابْنَةِ ابْنٍ وَأُخْتٍ لِأَبٍّ وَأُمٍّ فَقَالَا لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنْ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ النِّصْفُ وَلَمْ يُوَرِّثَا ابْنَةَ الِابْنِ شَيْئًا وَأْتِ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُتَابِعُنَا فَأَتَاهُ الرَّجُلُ فَسَأَلَهُ وَأَخْبَرَهُ بِقَوْلِهِمَا فَقَالَ لَقَدْ ضَلَلْتُ إِذًا وَمَا أَنَا مِنْ الْمُهْتَدِينَ وَلَکِنِّي سَأَقْضِي فِيهَا بِقَضَائِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ وَلِابْنَةِ الِابْنِ سَهْمٌ تَکْمِلَةُ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنْ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ

Narrated Huzail bin Shurahbil al-Awadi: A man came to Abu Musa al-Ashari and Salman bin Rabiah, and asked about a case where there were a daughter, a son's daughter and full sister. They replied: The daughter gets half and the full gets half. The son's daughter gets nothing. Go to Ibn Masud and you will find that he agrees with me. So the man came to him and informed him about their opinion. He said: I would then be in error and not be one of those who are rightly guided. But I decide concerning the matter as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did: The daughter gets half, and the son's daughter gets a share which complete thirds (i. e. gets a sixth), and what remain to the full sister. "

هُزَيْلِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ الأَوْدِيِّ ← أَبِي قَيْسٍ الْأَوْدِيِّ ← الْاَعْمَشِ ← عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، ← عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَامِرِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حَسَّانَ عَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ وَرَّثَ أُخْتًا وَابْنَةً فَجَعَلَ لِکُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا النِّصْفَ وَهُوَ بِالْيَمَنِ وَنَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ حَيٌّ

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and came to a woman of the Ansar in al-Aswaf. The woman brought her two daughters, and said: Messenger of Allah, these are the daughters of Thabit ibn Qays who was killed as a martyr when he was with you at the battle of Uhud, their paternal uncle has taken all their property and inheritance, and he has not left anything for them. What do you think, Messenger of Allah? They cannot be married unless they have some property. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Allah will decide regarding the matter. Then the verse of Surat an-Nisa was revealed: "Allah (thus) directs you as regards your children's (inheritance). " Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Call to me the woman and her husband's brother. He then said to their paternal uncle: Give them two-thirds and their mother an eighth, and what remains is yours. Abu Dawud said: The narrator Bishr made a mistake. They were the daughters of Saad bin al-Rabi for Thabit bin Qais was killed in the battle of Yamamah.

أبو حسان، ← قَتَادَةَ ← أَبَانُ، ← مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّی جِئْنَا امْرَأَةً مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ فَجَائَتْ الْمَرْأَةُ بِابْنَتَيْنِ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَاتَانِ بِنْتَا ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قُتِلَ مَعَکَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَقَدْ اسْتَفَائَ عَمُّهُمَا مَالَهُمَا وَمِيرَاثَهُمَا کُلَّهُ فَلَمْ يَدَعْ لَهُمَا مَالًا إِلَّا أَخَذَهُ فَمَا تَرَی يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا تُنْکَحَانِ أَبَدًا إِلَّا وَلَهُمَا مَالٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْضِي اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِکَ قَالَ وَنَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَائِ يُوصِيکُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِکُمْ الْآيَةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ادْعُوا لِي الْمَرْأَةَ وَصَاحِبَهَا فَقَالَ لِعَمِّهِمَا أَعْطِهِمَا الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَأَعْطِ أُمَّهُمَا الثُّمُنَ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلَکَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد أَخْطَأَ بِشْرٌ فِيهِ إِنَّمَا هُمَا ابْنَتَا سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ وَثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ قُتِلَ يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ

Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah: The wife of Saad bin al-Rabi said: Messenger of Allah, Saad died and left two daughters. He then narrated the rest of the tradition in a similar way. Abu Dawud said: This is the most correct tradition.

جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: ← عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ ← بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ← مُسَدَّدٌ

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ السَّرْحِ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ امْرَأَةَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ سَعْدًا هَلَکَ وَتَرَکَ ابْنَتَيْنِ وَسَاقَ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد وَهَذَا هُوَ أَصَحُّ

Narrated Al-Aswad bin Yazid: Muadh bin Jabal gave shares of inheritance to a sister and a daughter. He gave each of them half. He was at Yemen while the Prophet ﷺ was alive.

جابر بن عبد الله أن امرأة سعد بن الربيع ← عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ ← دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ ← ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ← ابْنُ السَّرْحِ

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ عَنْ مَالِکٍ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ بْنِ خَرَشَةَ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَائَتْ الْجَدَّةُ إِلَی أَبِي بَکْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا فَقَالَ مَا لَکِ فِي کِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی شَيْئٌ وَمَا عَلِمْتُ لَکِ فِي سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا فَارْجِعِي حَتَّی أَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ فَسَأَلَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ حَضَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْطَاهَا السُّدُسَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ هَلْ مَعَکَ غَيْرُکَ فَقَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ فَأَنْفَذَهُ لَهَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ ثُمَّ جَائَتْ الْجَدَّةُ الْأُخْرَی إِلَی عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا فَقَالَ مَا لَکِ فِي کِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی شَيْئٌ وَمَا کَانَ الْقَضَائُ الَّذِي قُضِيَ بِهِ إِلَّا لِغَيْرِکِ وَمَا أَنَا بِزَائِدٍ فِي الْفَرَائِضِ وَلَکِنْ هُوَ ذَلِکَ السُّدُسُ فَإِنْ اجْتَمَعْتُمَا فِيهِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَکُمَا وَأَيَّتُکُمَا خَلَتْ بِهِ فَهُوَ لَهَا

Narrated Qabisah ibn Dhuwayb: A grandmother came to Abu Bakr asking him for her share of inheritance. He said: There is nothing prescribed for you in Allah's Book, nor do I know anything for you in the Sunnah of the Prophet of Allah ﷺ Go home till I question the people. He then questioned the people, and al-Mughirah ibn Shubah said: I had been present with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he gave grandmother a sixth. Abu Bakr said: Is there anyone with you? Muhammad ibn Maslamah stood and said the same as al-Mughirah ibn Shubah had said. So Abu Bakr made it apply to her. Another grandmother came to Umar ibn al-Khattab asking him for her share of inheritance. He said: Nothing has been prescribed for you in Allah's Book. The decision made before you was made for a grandmother other than you. I am not going to add in the shares of inheritance; but it is that sixth. If there are two of you, it is shared between you, but whichever of you is the only one left gets it all.

قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ: ← عُثْمَانَ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ بْنِ خَرَشَةَ ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← مَالِكٍ، ← الْقَعْنَبِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ أَبُو الْمُنِيبِ الْعَتَکِيِّ عَنْ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَعَلَ لِلْجَدَّةِ السُّدُسَ إِذَا لَمْ يَکُنْ دُونَهَا أُمٌّ

Narrated Buraydah: The Prophet ﷺ appointed a sixth to a grandmother if no mother is left to inherit before her.

أَبِيهِ ← ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، ← عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ أَبُو الْمُنِيبِ الْعَتَکِيِّ ← أَبِي ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ کَثِيرٍ أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنً أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَی النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَ ابْنِي مَاتَ فَمَا لِي مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ فَقَالَ لَکَ السُّدُسُ فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ فَقَالَ لَکَ سُدُسٌ آخَرُ فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ السُّدُسَ الْآخَرَ طُعْمَةٌ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ فَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَعَ أَيِّ شَيْئٍ وَرَّثَهُ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ أَقَلُّ شَيْئٍ وَرِثَ الْجَدُّ السُّدُسُ

Narrated Imran ibn Husayn: A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: My son has died; what do I receive from his estate? He replied: You receive a sixth. When he turned away he called him and said: You receive another sixth. When he turned away, he called him and said: The other sixth is an allowance (beyond what is due). Qatadah said: They (the Companions) did not know the heirs with whom he was given (a sixth). Qatadah said: The minimum share given to the grandfather was a sixth.

قَتَادَةُ أَقَلُّ شَيْئٍ وَرِثَ الْجَدُّ السُّدُسُ ← قَتَادَةُ فَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَعَ أَيِّ شَيْئٍ وَرَّثَهُ ← إِنَّ السُّدُسَ الْآخَرَ طُعْمَةٌ ← لَکَ سُدُسٌ آخَرُ فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ ← لَکَ السُّدُسُ فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ ← إِنَّ ابْنَ ابْنِي مَاتَ فَمَا لِي مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ ← عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنً أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَی النَّبِيَّ ← الْحَسَنِ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← هَمَّامٌ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ،