Sunan Nasai

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَی بْنِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَحْبُوبٌ قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَقَ عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ قَالَ سُئِلَ الشَّعْبِيُّ عَنْ سَهْمِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصَفِيِّهِ فَقَالَ أَمَّا سَهْمُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَکَسَهْمِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَمَّا سَهْمُ الصَّفِيِّ فَغُرَّةٌ تُخْتَارُ مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْئٍ شَائَ

It was narrated that Mutarrif said: “Ash-Sha’bi was asked about the share of the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم and what he chose for himself. He said: ‘The share of the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم was like the share of any Muslim man, and what he chose for himself was Something precious; he chose whatever he wanted to.” (Da’if)

مُطَرِّفٍ ← أَبُو إِسْحَقَ ← محبوب ← عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَی بْنِ الْحَارِثِ

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَی قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَحْبُوبٌ قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَقَ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الشِّخِّيرِ قَالَ بَيْنَا أَنَا مَعَ مُطَرِّفٍ بِالْمِرْبَدِ إِذْ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مَعَهُ قِطْعَةُ أَدَمٍ قَالَ کَتَبَ لِي هَذِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَهَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْکُمْ يَقْرَأُ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَنَا أَقْرَأُ فَإِذَا فِيهَا مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِبَنِي زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أُقَيْشٍ أَنَّهُمْ إِنْ شَهِدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَفَارَقُوا الْمُشْرِکِينَ وَأَقَرُّوا بِالْخُمُسِ فِي غَنَائِمِهِمْ وَسَهْمِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصَفِيِّهِ فَإِنَّهُمْ آمِنُونَ بِأَمَانِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ

It was narrated that Yazid bin Ash-Shikhkhir said: “While I was with Mutarrif in Al-Mirbad. a man came in carrying a piece of leather and said: ‘This was written to me by the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم. Is there anyone among you who can read?’ I said: I can read.’ And it was (a letter) from Muhammad the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم to Banu Zuhair bin Uqaish. who had testified to La ilaha illallah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and had left the idolaters. and had agreed to give the khumus from their spoils of war, and the share of the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم – and whatever he chose for himself, so they became safe and secure by the covenant of Allah and His Messenger.” (Sahih).

يَزِيدَ بْنِ الشِّخِّيرِ ← سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ، ← أَبُو إِسْحَقَ ← محبوب ← عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَى،

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَی بْنِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا مَحْبُوبٌ قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَقَ عَنْ شَرِيکٍ عَنْ خُصَيْفٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ الْخُمُسُ الَّذِي لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ کَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَرَابَتِهِ لَا يَأْکُلُونَ مِنْ الصَّدَقَةِ شَيْئًا فَکَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خُمُسُ الْخُمُسِ وَلِذِي قَرَابَتِهِ خُمُسُ الْخُمُسِ وَلِلْيَتَامَی مِثْلُ ذَلِکَ وَلِلْمَسَاکِينِ مِثْلُ ذَلِکَ وَلِابْنِ السَّبِيلِ مِثْلُ ذَلِکَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْد الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْئٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَی وَالْيَتَامَی وَالْمَسَاکِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِلَّهِ ابْتِدَائُ کَلَامٍ لِأَنَّ الْأَشْيَائَ کُلَّهَا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَعَلَّهُ إِنَّمَا اسْتَفْتَحَ الْکَلَامَ فِي الْفَيْئِ وَالْخُمُسِ بِذِکْرِ نَفْسِهِ لِأَنَّهَا أَشْرَفُ الْکَسْبِ وَلَمْ يَنْسِبْ الصَّدَقَةَ إِلَی نَفْسِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِأَنَّهَا أَوْسَاخُ النَّاسِ وَاللَّهُ تَعَالَی أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ قِيلَ يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ الْغَنِيمَةِ شَيْئٌ فَيُجْعَلُ فِي الْکَعْبَةِ وَهُوَ السَّهْمُ الَّذِي لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَسَهْمُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَی الْإِمَامِ يَشْتَرِي الْکُرَاعَ مِنْهُ وَالسِّلَاحَ وَيُعْطِي مِنْهُ مَنْ رَأَی مِمَّنْ رَأَی فِيهِ غَنَائً وَمَنْفَعَةً لِأَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ وَالْعِلْمِ وَالْفِقْهِ وَالْقُرْآنِ وَسَهْمٌ لِذِي الْقُرْبَی وَهُمْ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ بَيْنَهُمْ الْغَنِيُّ مِنْهُمْ وَالْفَقِيرُ وَقَدْ قِيلَ إِنَّهُ لِلْفَقِيرِ مِنْهُمْ دُونَ الْغَنِيِّ کَالْيَتَامَی وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَهُوَ أَشْبَهُ الْقَوْلَيْنِ بِالصَّوَابِ عِنْدِي وَاللَّهُ تَعَالَی أَعْلَمُ وَالصَّغِيرُ وَالْکَبِيرُ وَالذَّکَرُ وَالْأُنْثَی سَوَائٌ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ جَعَلَ ذَلِکَ لَهُمْ وَقَسَّمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِمْ وَلَيْسَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّهُ فَضَّلَ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَی بَعْضٍ وَلَا خِلَافَ نَعْلَمُهُ بَيْنَ الْعُلَمَائِ فِي رَجُلٍ لَوْ أَوْصَی بِثُلُثِهِ لِبَنِي فُلَانٍ أَنَّهُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَأَنَّ الذَّکَرَ وَالْأُنْثَی فِيهِ سَوَائٌ إِذَا کَانُوا يُحْصَوْنَ فَهَکَذَا کُلُّ شَيْئٍ صُيِّرَ لِبَنِي فُلَانٍ أَنَّهُ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُبَيِّنَ ذَلِکَ الْآمِرُ بِهِ وَاللَّهُ وَلِيُّ التَّوْفِيقِ وَسَهْمٌ لِلْيَتَامَی مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَسَهْمٌ لِلْمَسَاکِينِ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَسَهْمٌ لِابْنِ السَّبِيلِ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَلَا يُعْطَی أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ سَهْمُ مِسْکِينٍ وَسَهْمُ ابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَقِيلَ لَهُ خُذْ أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتَ وَالْأَرْبَعَةُ أَخْمَاسٍ يَقْسِمُهَا الْإِمَامُ بَيْنَ مَنْ حَضَرَ الْقِتَالَ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْبَالِغِينَ

It was narrated that Mujahid said: “The Khumus that is for Allah and His Messenger was for the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم and His relatives; they did not take anything from the Sadaqah. The Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم was allocated one-fifth of the Khumus; his relatives were allocated one- fifth of the Khumus; the same was allocated to orphans, the poor and the wayfarers.” (Da‘if) Abu ‘Abdur-Rahman (An-Nasa’i) said: Allah, the Majestic is He and praised, said: “And know that whatever of spoils of war that you may gain, verily, one-fifth of it is assigned to Allah, and to the Messenger, and to the near relatives (of the Messenger (Muhammad)), (and also) the orphans, Al-Masakin (the poor) and the wayfarer.”W His, the Mighty and Sublime, saying to Allah starts the speech since everything is of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. And perhaps He only opened His speech about the Fay’ and the Khumus, mentioning Himself, because that is the noblest of earnings. And He did not attribute Sadaqah to Himself, the Mighty and Sublime, because that is the dirt of people. And Allah knows best. It was said that something should be taken from the spoils of war and placed inside the Ka’bah, and this is the share that is for Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. The share of the Messenger is to be given to the imdm to buy horses and weapons, and to give to whomever he thinks will benefit the people of Islam, and to the people of Hadith, knowledge, Fiqh and the Qur’an. The share that is for near relatives should be given to Banu Hashim and Banu Al-Muttalib, rich and poor alike, or it was said that it should be given to the poor among them and not to the rich, such as orphans and wayfarers. This is the view that is more appropriate in my view, and Allah knows best. And the young and the old, male and female, are equal in that, because Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, has allocated it to them and the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم distributed it among them, and there is nothing in the Hadith to indicate that he preferred some of them over others. And there is no scholarly dispute, as far as we know, to suggest that if a man bequeaths one-third of his wealth to such and such a tribe, to be distributed out among them equally, that it should be done otherwise, unless the giver stipulated otherwise. Arid Allah is the source of strength. And (there is) a share for the orphans among the Muslims, and a share for the poor among the Muslims, and a share for the wayfarers among the Muslims. No one should be given both a share for the poor and a share for the wayfarer; it is to be said to him: “Take whichever of them you want.” And the other four-fifths are to be divided by the irnain among those adult Muslims who were present in the battle. (Da’if)

أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَعِيلُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عِکْرِمَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ مَالِکِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ قَالَ جَائَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَعَلِيٌّ إِلَی عُمَرَ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا فَقَالَ النَّاسُ افْصِلْ بَيْنَهُمَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا أَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمَا قَدْ عَلِمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَکْنَا صَدَقَةٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَلِيَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخَذَ مِنْهَا قُوتَ أَهْلِهِ وَجَعَلَ سَائِرَهُ سَبِيلَهُ سَبِيلَ الْمَالِ ثُمَّ وَلِيَهَا أَبُو بَکْرٍ بَعْدَهُ ثُمَّ وُلِّيتُهَا بَعْدَ أَبِي بَکْرٍ فَصَنَعْتَ فِيهَا الَّذِي کَانَ يَصْنَعُ ثُمَّ أَتَيَانِي فَسَأَلَانِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِمَا عَلَی أَنْ يَلِيَاهَا بِالَّذِي وَلِيَهَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالَّذِي وَلِيَهَا بِهِ أَبُو بَکْرٍ وَالَّذِي وُلِّيتُهَا بِهِ فَدَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْهِمَا وَأَخَذْتُ عَلَی ذَلِکَ عُهُودَهُمَا ثُمَّ أَتَيَانِي يَقُولُ هَذَا اقْسِمْ لِي بِنَصِيبِي مِنْ ابْنِ أَخِي وَيَقُولُ هَذَا اقْسِمْ لِي بِنَصِيبِي مِنْ امْرَأَتِي وَإِنْ شَائَا أَنْ أَدْفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِمَا عَلَی أَنْ يَلِيَاهَا بِالَّذِي وَلِيَهَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالَّذِي وَلِيَهَا بِهِ أَبُو بَکْرٍ وَالَّذِي وُلِّيتُهَا بِهِ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْهِمَا وَإِنْ أَبَيَا کُفِيَا ذَلِکَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْئٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَی وَالْيَتَامَی وَالْمَسَاکِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ هَذَا لِهَؤُلَائِ إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَائِ وَالْمَسَاکِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ هَذِهِ لِهَؤُلَائِ وَمَا أَفَائَ اللَّهُ عَلَی رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلَا رِکَابٍ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ هَذِهِ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَاصَّةً قُرًی عَرَبِيَّةً فَدْکُ کَذَا وَکَذَا فَ مَا أَفَائَ اللَّهُ عَلَی رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَی فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَی وَالْيَتَامَی وَالْمَسَاکِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَ لِلْفُقَرَائِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَالَّذِينَ تَبَوَّئُوا الدَّارَ وَالْإِيمَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَالَّذِينَ جَائُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ فَاسْتَوْعَبَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ النَّاسَ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا لَهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ حَقٌّ أَوْ قَالَ حَظٌّ إِلَّا بَعْضَ مَنْ تَمْلِکُونَ مِنْ أَرِقَّائِکُمْ وَلَئِنْ عِشْتُ إِنْ شَائَ اللَّهُ لَيَأْتِيَنَّ عَلَی کُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ حَقُّهُ أَوْ قَالَ حَظُّهُ

It was narrated that Malik bin Aws bin Al-Hadathan said: “Al-’Abbas and ‘Ali came to ‘Umar with a dispute. Al-’Abbas said: ‘Pass judgment between him and I.’ The people said: ‘Pass judgment between them.’ ‘Umar said: ‘I will not pass judgment between them. They know that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم said: We are not inherited from, what we leave behind is charity. He said: And (in his narration of it) Az-Zuhri said: ‘It (the Khumus) was under the control of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم and he took provision for himself and for his family from it…………(incomplete)……???…..do not have to worry about it.’ Then he said: ‘And know that whatever of spoils of war that you may gain, verily, one-fifth of it is assigned to Allah, and to the Messenger, and to the near relatives (of the Messenger (Muhammad)), (and also) the orphans, Al-MasakIn (the poor) and the wayfarer’ (Al-Anfál 🙂 — this is for them. ‘As-Sadaqat (here it means Zakah) are only for the Fuqará’ (poor), and Al-MasakIn (the poor) and those employed to collect (the funds); and to attract the hearts of those who have been inclined (toward Islam); and to free the captives; and for those in debt; and for Allah’s cause (i.e. for MujahidC,n — those fighting in a holy battle)’ — this is for them. ‘And what Allah gave as booty (Fay’) to His Messenger (Muhammad) from them — for this you made no expedition with either cavalry or cames.’ Az Zuhri said: This applies exclusively to the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم and refers to an ‘Arab village called Fadak, and so on. What Allah gave as booty (Fay’) to His Messenger (Muhammad) from the people of the townships — it is for Allah, His Messenger (Muhammad), the kindred (of Messenger Muhammad), the orphans, Al MasakIn (the poor), and the wayfarer (And there is also a share in this booty) for the poor emigrants, who were expelled from their homes and their property And (it is also for) those who, before them, had homes (in Al Madinah) and had adopted the Faith And those who came after them These Verses apply to all the people. There is no one left among the Muslims but he has some right to this wealth, except for some of the slaves whom you own. If I live, if Allah wills, I will give every Muslim his right.” Or he said: “His share.” (Sahih)