Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hanble

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ يَسْدِلُونَ أَشْعَارَهُمْ وَكَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يَفْرُقُونَ رُءُوسَهُمْ قَالَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُعْجِبُهُ مُوَافَقَةُ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فِي بَعْضِ مَا لَمْ يُؤْمَرْ بِهِ فِيهِ فَسَدَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَاصِيَتَهُ ثُمَّ فَرَقَ بَعْدُ

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas (RA) that he said: The people of the Book used to let their hair down and the mushrikeen used to part their hair. The Messenger of Allah liked to do some of what the people of the Book did in some matters concerning which he had not received any commands, so the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) let his forelock down. Then later on he parted his hair.

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي صَالِحُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْأَيِّمُ أَوْلَى بِأَمْرِهَا وَالْيَتِيمَةُ تُسْتَأْمَرُ فِي نَفْسِهَا وَإِذْنُهَا صُمَاتُهَا

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas (RA) that the Messenger of Allah said. "The previously married woman has more right to decide (concerning her marriage) and the female orphan should be consulted, and her permission is her silence."

عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، ← نَافِعُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ ← عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ ← صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، ← ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَدَّ ابْنَتَهُ زَيْنَبَ عَلَى أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ وَكَانَ إِسْلَامُهَا قَبْلَ إِسْلَامِهِ بِسِتِّ سِنِينَ عَلَى النِّكَاحِ الْأَوَّلِ وَلَمْ يُحْدِثْ شَهَادَةً وَلَا صَدَاقًا

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) returned his daughter Zainab to AbuI-'As bin ar-Rabee', although she became Muslim six years before him, on the basis of the previous marriage contract, and he did not repeat the marriage contract with witnesses and a dowry.

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← عِكْرِمَةَ ← دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ ← ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ وَذَكَرَ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَةً مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ بَلْعَجْلَانَ فَدَخَلَ بِهَا فَبَاتَ عِنْدَهَا فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ قَالَ مَا وَجَدْتُهَا عَذْرَاءَ قَالَ فَرُفِعَ شَأْنُهُمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَعَا الْجَارِيَةَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلَهَا فَقَالَتْ بَلَى قَدْ كُنْتُ عَذْرَاءَ قَالَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَتَلَاعَنَا وَأَعْطَاهَا الْمَهْرَ

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: A man married an Ansari woman from (the tribe of) Bal'ajlan; he entered upon her and spent the night with her, then the next morning he said: I did not find her to be a virgin. The matter was referred to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) summoned the girl and asked her, and she said: Yes, I was a virgin. So the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)instructed them to engage in IV an and he gave her her dowry.

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، ← طَلْحَةُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ ← ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ وَسَعْدٌ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُكَانَةَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِرَجْمِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالْيَهُودِيَّةِ عِنْدَ بَابِ مَسْجِدِهِ فَلَمَّا وَجَدَ الْيَهُودِيُّ مَسَّ الْحِجَارَةِ قَامَ عَلَى صَاحِبَتِهِ فَحَنَى عَلَيْهَا يَقِيهَا مَسَّ الْحِجَارَةِ حَتَّى قُتِلَا جَمِيعًا فَكَانَ مِمَّا صَنَعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِرَسُولِهِ فِي تَحْقِيقِ الزِّنَا مِنْهُمَا

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) ordered that the Jewish man and the Jewish woman be stoned at the door of his mosque. When the Jewish man felt the stone hit him, he stood over the woman and tried to shield her from the stones, until they were both killed, And that was a sign from Allah to His Messenger that they had indeed committed zina.

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُكَانَةَ، ← ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ وَسَعْدٌ

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحٍ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّ بِشَاةٍ مَيْتَةٍ فَقَالَ هَلَّا اسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِإِهَابِهَا فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا حَرُمَ أَكْلُهَا

Ibn Shihab narrated that 'Ubaidullah bin 'Abdullah told him that Ibn 'Abbas told him: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) passed by a dead sheep and said: "Why don't you try to make use of its skin?" They said: O Messenger of Allah, it is dead [i.e., it died of natural causes and was not slaughtered properly]. He said: "It is only forbidden to eat it."

وَحَدَّثَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ ← صَالِحٍ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَخِي ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتَبَ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَبَعَثَ كِتَابَهُ مَعَ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ وَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى عَظِيمِ بُصْرَى لِيَدْفَعَهُ إِلَى قَيْصَرَ فَدَفَعَهُ عَظِيمُ بُصْرَى وَكَانَ قَيْصَرُ لَمَّا كَشَفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْهُ جُنُودَ فَارِسَ مَشَى مِنْ حِمْصَ إِلَى إِيلْيَاءَ عَلَى الزَّرَابِيِّ تُبْسَطُ لَهُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ قَيْصَرَ كِتَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ حِينَ قَرَأَهُ الْتَمِسُوا لِي مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مَنْ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِالشَّامِ فِي رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ قَدِمُوا تُجَّارًا وَذَلِكَ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبَيْنَ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَأَتَانِي رَسُولُ قَيْصَرَ فَانْطَلَقَ بِي وَبِأَصْحَابِي حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا إِيلْيَاءَ فَأُدْخِلْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسِ مُلْكِهِ عَلَيْهِ التَّاجُ وَإِذَا حَوْلَهُ عُظَمَاءُ الرُّومِ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَنَا أَقْرَبُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ نَسَبًا قَالَ مَا قَرَابَتُكَ مِنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّي قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَيْسَ فِي الرَّكْبِ يَوْمَئِذٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ غَيْرِي قَالَ فَقَالَ قَيْصَرُ أَدْنُوهُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِأَصْحَابِي فَجُعِلُوا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِي عِنْدَ كَتِفِي ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لِأَصْحَابِهِ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا عَنْ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَإِنْ كَذَبَ فَكَذِّبُوهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا الِاسْتِحْيَاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَنْ يَأْثُرَ أَصْحَابِي عَنِّي الْكَذِبَ لَكَذَبْتُهُ حِينَ سَأَلَنِي وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَحَيْتُ أَنْ يُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي الْكَذِبُ فَصَدَقْتُهُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لَهُ كَيْفَ نَسَبُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ فِيكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِينَا ذُو نَسَبٍ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ قَطُّ قَبْلَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ فِي الْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَأَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ اتَّبَعُوهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ قَالَ فَيَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَا وَنَحْنُ الْآنَ مِنْهُ فِي مُدَّةٍ وَنَحْنُ نَخَافُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَمْ تُمْكِنِّي كَلِمَةٌ أُدْخِلُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا أَنْتَقِصُهُ بِهِ غَيْرُهَا لَأَخَافُ أَنْ يُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي الْكَذِبُ قَالَ فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ أَوْ قَاتَلَكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ كَيْفَ كَانَتْ حَرْبُكُمْ وَحَرْبُهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ كَانَتْ دُوَلًا سِجَالًا نُدَالُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَرَّةَ وَيُدَالُ عَلَيْنَا الْأُخْرَى قَالَ فَبِمَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيَنْهَانَا عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُنَا وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ حِينَ قُلْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ فِيكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ فِيكُمْ ذُو نَسَبٍ وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي نَسَبِ قَوْمِهَا وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَطُّ قَبْلَهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَأْتَمُّ بِقَوْلٍ قِيلَ قَبْلَهُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَذَرَ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكْذِبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ آبَائِهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّ ضُعَفَاءَهُمْ اتَّبَعُوهُ وَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ حِينَ يُخَالِطُ بَشَاشَةَ الْقُلُوبِ لَا يَسْخَطُهُ أَحَدٌ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَقَاتَلَكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ قَدْ فَعَلَ وَأَنَّ حَرْبَكُمْ وَحَرْبَهُ يَكُونُ دُوَلًا يُدَالُ عَلَيْكُمْ الْمَرَّةَ وَتُدَالُونَ عَلَيْهِ الْأُخْرَى وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْتَلَى وَيَكُونُ لَهَا الْعَاقِبَةُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ بِمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَحْدَهُ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ وَالصَّلَاةِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ وَهَذِهِ صِفَةُ نَبِيٍّ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ وَلَكِنْ لَمْ أَظُنَّ أَنَّهُ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنْ يَكُنْ مَا قُلْتَ فِيهِ حَقًّا فَيُوشِكُ أَنْ يَمْلِكَ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَرْجُو أَنْ أَخْلُصَ إِلَيْهِ لَتَجَشَّمْتُ لُقِيَّهُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ لَغَسَلْتُ عَنْ قَدَمَيْهِ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُرِئَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنْ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدِعَايَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ وَأَسْلِمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللَّهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَعَلَيْكَ إِثْمُ الْأَرِيسِيِّينَ يَعْنِي الْأَكَّارَةَ وَ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى مَقَالَتَهُ عَلَتْ أَصْوَاتُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الرُّومِ وَكَثُرَ لَغَطُهُمْ فَلَا أَدْرِي مَاذَا قَالُوا وَأَمَرَ بِنَا فَأُخْرِجْنَا قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِي وَخَلَصْتُ لَهُمْ قُلْتُ لَهُمْ أَمِرَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ هَذَا مَلِكُ بَنِي الْأَصْفَرِ يَخَافُهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زِلْتُ ذَلِيلًا مُسْتَيْقِنًا أَنَّ أَمْرَهُ سَيَظْهَرُ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ قَلْبِي الْإِسْلَامَ وَأَنَا كَارِهٌ

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتَبَ فَذَكَرَهُ

'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) wrote to Caesar, calling him to Islam. He sent his letter with Dihyah al-Kalbi, and the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) instructed him to give it to the ruler of Busra so that he could give it to Caesar. And the ruler of Busra gave it to Caesar. When Allah caused him to defeat the Persian troops, Caesar walked from Homs to Jerusalem on carpets that were spread out for him. 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) said: When the letter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) came to Caesar, he said when he read it: Find me one of his people so that I can ask him about the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: Abu Sufyan bin Harb told me that he was in Syria with some men of Quraish who had come for trade, and that was at a time when there was a truce between the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and the disbelievers of Quraish. Abu Sufyan said: The messenger of Caesar came to me and took me and my ompanions to Jerusalem, where we were admitted into his [Caesar's] presence. He was sitting in his royal court, wearing a crown and with the Byzantine leaders around him. He said to his interpreter: Ask them which of them is closest in lineage to this man who claims to be a Prophet. Abu Sufyan said: I am the closest in lineage to him. He said: What is your relationship to him? I said: He is my cousin (the son of my paternal uncle). Abu Sufyan said: On that occasion, there was no one else of Banu ' Abd Manaf in the caravan except me. Caesar said: Let him come close to me. Then he instructed that my companions should be made to stand behind me, at my shoulder. Then he said to his interpreter: Tell his companions that I am going to ask this one about this man who claims to be a Prophet, and if he lies they should say that he is lying. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah, were it not that it would have been shameful at that time for my companions to describe me as a liar, I would have lied when he asked me. But I felt that it was shameful to be described as a liar, so I told the truth about him. Then Caesar said to his interpreter: Say to him: What kind of lineage does this man have among you? I said: He is of a noble lineage among us. He said: Did anyone among you say the same thing before him? I said: No. He said: Did you ever blame him for telling lies before he said what he said? I said: No. He said: Was anyone among his forebears a king? i said; No. He said: Do the nobles of the people follow him, or the poor and weak? 1 said: The poor and weak (follow him). He said: Are they increasing or decreasing in number? I said: They are increasing. He said: Does anyone leave his religion because he is displeased with it after entering it? I said: No. He said: Does he break his promises? I said: No, but now we have a truce with him and we are afraid that he may break the truce. Abu Sufyan said: ther than that, I could not find anything to say against him to undermine him, and I was afraid that that would be held against me. He said: Did you fight him or did he fight you? I said: Yes. He said: What was the outcome of your battles with him? i said: It varied; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we were. He said: What does he enjoin you to do? i said: He enjoins us to worship Allah alone and not to associate anything with Him; he tells us not to worship what our fathers worshipped; and he enjoins us to pray, give charity, be chaste, keep promises and render back trusts. He said to his interpreter when I said that to him: Tell him: I asked about his lineage and you said that he has a noble lineage among you; this is how all the Messengers are, they are the nobles of their people, f asked you whether anyone among you had said this before, and you said no. I thought that if anyone among you had said this before, I would have said that he was a man who was following the example of some one who had said something similar before. I asked you whether you had accused him of lying before he said what he said, and you said no. Then i realised that the one who did not tell lies about people would never tell a lie about Allah.I asked you whether any of his forebears had been a king and you said no. I thought that if any of his forebears had been a king, I would have said that he was a man who was seeking his father's kingdom. I asked you whether the nobles among the people follow him or the weak and poor, and you said that the weak and poor follow him; they are always the followers of the Messengers. I asked you whether they were increasing or decreasing in number, and you said that they are increasing. This is how true faith is until it is complete. I asked you whether anyone leaves his religion because he is displeased with it after entering it, and you said no. This is how true faith is when its cheerfulness enters the heart and mixes with it: no one becomes displeased with it. I asked you whether he broke his promises and you said no; this is how the Messengers are. I asked you whether you had fought him or he had fought you and you said that this had happened, and that the outcome of the battles between you and him varied: sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you were. This is how the Messengers are; they are put to trial but the final victory is always theirs. I asked you what he enjoins you to do, and you said that he enjoins you to worship Allah alone and not to associate anything with Him; he tells you not to worship what your forefathers worshipped; and he enjoins you to give in charity, pray, be chaste, fulfil promises and render back trusts. This is the character of a Prophet who I knew would appear, but I did not think that he would be from among you. If what you have said to me is true, he will soon take possession of the land beneath my feet. By Allah, if I knew that I would definitely reach him, I would immediately go to meet him, and if I were with him I would wash his feet. Abu Sufyan said: Then he called for the letter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and ordered that it be read out loud. In the letter he said: "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. From Muhammad, the slave of Allah and His Messenger, to Heraclius the ruler of Byzantium. Peace be upon those who follow true guidance. I am calling you to Islam: become Muslim and you will be safe.Become Muslim and Allah will bestow upon you a double reward, but if you turn away, the sins of the peasants will be upon you. 'O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians): Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allah (Alone), and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allah. Then, if they turn away, say: "Bear witness that we are Muslims"' [Al - 'Imran 3:64]." Abu Sufyan said: When he finished his speech, the voices of the Byzantine leaders who were around him were raised, and there was so much noise that I could not understand what they said. Then he ordered that we be sent away. When I left with my companions and was alone with them, I said to them: The affair of Ibn Abi Kabshah’ (RA) has gained power: this king of Banul-Asfar [the Byzantines] fears him. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah, i became humble after that and was certain that he would be victorious, until Allah instilled Islam in my heart even though I was reluctant.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ فَذَكَرَهُ

'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) wrote to Caesar, calling him to Islam. He sent his letter with Dihyah al-Kalbi, and the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) instructed him to give it to the ruler of Busra so that he could give it to Caesar. And the ruler of Busra gave it to Caesar. When Allah caused him to defeat the Persian troops, Caesar walked from Homs to Jerusalem on carpets that were spread out for him. 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) said: When the letter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) came to Caesar, he said when he read it: Find me one of his people so that I can ask him about the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: Abu Sufyan bin Harb told me that he was in Syria with some men of Quraish who had come for trade, and that was at a time when there was a truce between the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and the disbelievers of Quraish. Abu Sufyan said: The messenger of Caesar came to me and took me and my ompanions to Jerusalem, where we were admitted into his [Caesar's] presence. He was sitting in his royal court, wearing a crown and with the Byzantine leaders around him. He said to his interpreter: Ask them which of them is closest in lineage to this man who claims to be a Prophet. Abu Sufyan said: I am the closest in lineage to him. He said: What is your relationship to him? I said: He is my cousin (the son of my paternal uncle). Abu Sufyan said: On that occasion, there was no one else of Banu ' Abd Manaf in the caravan except me. Caesar said: Let him come close to me. Then he instructed that my companions should be made to stand behind me, at my shoulder. Then he said to his interpreter: Tell his companions that I am going to ask this one about this man who claims to be a Prophet, and if he lies they should say that he is lying. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah, were it not that it would have been shameful at that time for my companions to describe me as a liar, I would have lied when he asked me. But I felt that it was shameful to be described as a liar, so I told the truth about him. Then Caesar said to his interpreter: Say to him: What kind of lineage does this man have among you? I said: He is of a noble lineage among us. He said: Did anyone among you say the same thing before him? I said: No. He said: Did you ever blame him for telling lies before he said what he said? I said: No. He said: Was anyone among his forebears a king? i said; No. He said: Do the nobles of the people follow him, or the poor and weak? 1 said: The poor and weak (follow him). He said: Are they increasing or decreasing in number? I said: They are increasing. He said: Does anyone leave his religion because he is displeased with it after entering it? I said: No. He said: Does he break his promises? I said: No, but now we have a truce with him and we are afraid that he may break the truce. Abu Sufyan said: ther than that, I could not find anything to say against him to undermine him, and I was afraid that that would be held against me. He said: Did you fight him or did he fight you? I said: Yes. He said: What was the outcome of your battles with him? i said: It varied; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we were. He said: What does he enjoin you to do? i said: He enjoins us to worship Allah alone and not to associate anything with Him; he tells us not to worship what our fathers worshipped; and he enjoins us to pray, give charity, be chaste, keep promises and render back trusts. He said to his interpreter when I said that to him: Tell him: I asked about his lineage and you said that he has a noble lineage among you; this is how all the Messengers are, they are the nobles of their people, f asked you whether anyone among you had said this before, and you said no. I thought that if anyone among you had said this before, I would have said that he was a man who was following the example of some one who had said something similar before. I asked you whether you had accused him of lying before he said what he said, and you said no. Then i realised that the one who did not tell lies about people would never tell a lie about Allah.I asked you whether any of his forebears had been a king and you said no. I thought that if any of his forebears had been a king, I would have said that he was a man who was seeking his father's kingdom. I asked you whether the nobles among the people follow him or the weak and poor, and you said that the weak and poor follow him; they are always the followers of the Messengers. I asked you whether they were increasing or decreasing in number, and you said that they are increasing. This is how true faith is until it is complete. I asked you whether anyone leaves his religion because he is displeased with it after entering it, and you said no. This is how true faith is when its cheerfulness enters the heart and mixes with it: no one becomes displeased with it. I asked you whether he broke his promises and you said no; this is how the Messengers are. I asked you whether you had fought him or he had fought you and you said that this had happened, and that the outcome of the battles between you and him varied: sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you were. This is how the Messengers are; they are put to trial but the final victory is always theirs. I asked you what he enjoins you to do, and you said that he enjoins you to worship Allah alone and not to associate anything with Him; he tells you not to worship what your forefathers worshipped; and he enjoins you to give in charity, pray, be chaste, fulfil promises and render back trusts. This is the character of a Prophet who I knew would appear, but I did not think that he would be from among you. If what you have said to me is true, he will soon take possession of the land beneath my feet. By Allah, if I knew that I would definitely reach him, I would immediately go to meet him, and if I were with him I would wash his feet. Abu Sufyan said: Then he called for the letter of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and ordered that it be read out loud. In the letter he said: "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. From Muhammad, the slave of Allah and His Messenger, to Heraclius the ruler of Byzantium. Peace be upon those who follow true guidance. I am calling you to Islam: become Muslim and you will be safe.Become Muslim and Allah will bestow upon you a double reward, but if you turn away, the sins of the peasants will be upon you. 'O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians): Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allah (Alone), and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allah. Then, if they turn away, say: "Bear witness that we are Muslims"' [Al - 'Imran 3:64]." Abu Sufyan said: When he finished his speech, the voices of the Byzantine leaders who were around him were raised, and there was so much noise that I could not understand what they said. Then he ordered that we be sent away. When I left with my companions and was alone with them, I said to them: The affair of Ibn Abi Kabshah’ (RA) has gained power: this king of Banul-Asfar [the Byzantines] fears him. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah, i became humble after that and was certain that he would be victorious, until Allah instilled Islam in my heart even though I was reluctant.

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحٍ قَالَ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ رُؤْيَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّتِي ذَكَرَ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ذَكَرَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا أَنَا نَائِمٌ رَأَيْتُ أَنَّهُ وُضِعَ فِي يَدَيَّ سِوَارَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَفَظِعْتُهُمَا فَكَرِهْتُهُمَا وَأُذِنَ لِي فَنَفَخْتُهُمَا فَطَارَا فَأَوَّلْتُهُ كَذَّابَيْنِ يَخْرُجَانِ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ أَحَدُهُمَا الْعَنْسِيُّ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ فَيْرُوزُ بِالْيَمَنِ وَالْآخَرُ مُسَيْلِمَةُ

Ubaidullah said; I asked 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) about the dream of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) that he told us about. Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said; I was told that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said; "Whilst I was sleeping i saw two golden bangles placed on my hands, and I was frightened of them and disliked them. Then permission was given to me to blow them away, and they flew away. I interpreted it as referring to two liars who would appear." 'Ubaidullah said: One of them was al-Ansi who was killed by Fairooz in Yemen, and the other was Musailimah.

عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ← صَالِحٍ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ صَالِحٍ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي وَجَعِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ يَا أَبَا حَسَنٍ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَصْبَحَ بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ بَارِئًا قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ عَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ أَلَا تَرَى أَنْتَ وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَيُتَوَفَّى فِي وَجَعِهِ هَذَا إِنِّي أَعْرِفُ وُجُوهَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ فَاذْهَبْ بِنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلْنَسْأَلْهُ فِيمَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِينَا عَلِمْنَا ذَلِكَ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي غَيْرِنَا كَلَّمْنَاهُ فَأَوْصَى بِنَا فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ سَأَلْنَاهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَنَعَنَاهَا لَا يُعْطِينَاهَا النَّاسُ أَبَدًا فَوَاللَّهِ لَا أَسْأَلُهُ أَبَدًا

Ibn Shihab said: 'Abdullah bin Ka'b bin Malik told me that Ibn 'Abbas (RA) told him that 'Ali bin Abi Talib (RA) left from (visiting) the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) during his final illness, and the people said; O Abu Hasan, how is the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) this morning? He said: He is better, praise be to Allah. Ibn 'Abbas (RA) said: 'Abbas bin 'Abdul-Muttalib took hold of his hand and said: Don't you see, by Allah, that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) will die of this sickness? I know the faces of Banu 'Abdul- Muttalib when they are dying. Let us go to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)and ask him who should be in charge of this matter (after he dies). If it is one of us, we will know it, and if it is someone else, we will ask him to advise (that person) to be kind to us and take care of us. 'Ali (RA) said: By Allah, if we ask the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and he says no, he (his successor) is not one of us, the people will never give it to us. By Allah, I will never ask him.

عَبْدُ اللہِ بْنُ کَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِکٍ ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← صَالِحٍ، ← أَبِي ← يَعْقُوبُ،

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَخِي ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ الْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ وَعَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَبْدٍ الْقَارِيَّ حَدَّثَاهُ أَنَّهُمَا سَمِعَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ هِشَامَ بْنَ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ يَقْرَأُ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَحَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَقْرَأَنِي جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام عَلَى حَرْفٍ فَرَاجَعْتُهُ فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أَسْتَزِيدُهُ وَيَزِيدُنِي حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ

'Urwah bin az-Zubair narrated that al-Miswar bin Makhramah and 'Abdul Rahman bin 'Abdul-Qari' told him that they heard 'Umar bin al-Khattab say: I heard Hisham bin Hakeem bin Hizam read... And he narrated the same hadeeth.Ibn 'Abbas narrated that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: "Jibreel (AS) taught me the Qur'an with one mode of recitation but I asked him to recite it in another way and I kept asking him for more and he taught me more, until he ended up teaching me seven modes of recitation."

عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ، ← عَمِّہٖ ← ابْنُ أَخِي ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← يَعْقُوبُ،