Jami at Tirmidhi

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّی حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ ابْنُ عَثْمَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْجُمَحِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِأَبِي بَکْرٍ فِي مُنَاحَبَةِ الم غُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ أَلَا احْتَطْتَ يَا أَبَا بَکْرٍ فَإِنَّ الْبِضْعَ مَا بَيْنَ ثَلَاثٍ إِلَی تِسْعٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَی هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: that regarding Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated (In the nearest land, and they, after their defeat, will be victorious. Within Bid' years...) (30 1 & 2) The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to Abu Bakr about the wager: Why were you not more cautious Abu Bakr? For indeed Al-Bid' refers to what is from three to nine.

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْجُمَحيُّ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ ابْنِ عَثْمَةَ ← أَبُو مُوسَی مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّی

حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ لَمَّا کَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ ظَهَرَتْ الرُّومُ عَلَی فَارِسَ فَأَعْجَبَ ذَلِکَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَنَزَلَتْ الم غُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ إِلَی قَوْلِهِ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَفَرِحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِظُهُورِ الرُّومِ عَلَی فَارِسَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَی هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ کَذَا قَرَأَ نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ غَلَبَتْ الرُّومُ

Narrated 'Atiyyah: Abu Sa'eed narrated: On the Day of Badr, the Romans had a victory over the Persians. So the believers were pleased with that, then the following was revealed: 'Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated, up to His saying: 'the believers will rejoice - with the help of Allah... (30:1-5)' He said: So the believers were happy with the victory of the Romans over the Persians.

اَبِیْ سَعِیْدٍ ← عَطِيَّةَ ← سُلَيْمَانَ الْأَعْمَشِ ← أَبِيهِ ← الْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ← نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَقَ الْفَزَارِيِّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ ابْن عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی الم غُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَی الْأَرْضِ قَالَ غُلِبَتْ وَغَلَبَتْ کَانَ الْمُشْرِکُونَ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَظْهَرَ أَهْلُ فَارِسَ عَلَی الرُّومِ لِأَنَّهُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ أَهْلُ الْأَوْثَانِ وَکَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَظْهَرَ الرُّومُ عَلَی فَارِسَ لِأَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ الْکِتَابِ فَذَکَرُوهُ لِأَبِي بَکْرٍ فَذَکَرَهُ أَبُو بَکْرٍ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فَذَکَرَهُ أَبُو بَکْرٍ لَهُمْ فَقَالُوا اجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَکَ أَجَلًا فَإِنْ ظَهَرْنَا کَانَ لَنَا کَذَا وَکَذَا وَإِنْ ظَهَرْتُمْ کَانَ لَکُمْ کَذَا وَکَذَا فَجَعَلَ أَجَلًا خَمْسَ سِنِينَ فَلَمْ يَظْهَرُوا فَذَکَرُوا ذَلِکَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَلَا جَعَلْتَهُ إِلَی دُونَ قَالَ أُرَاهُ الْعَشْرَ قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ وَالْبِضْعُ مَا دُونَ الْعَشْرِ قَالَ ثُمَّ ظَهَرَتْ الرُّومُ بَعْدُ قَالَ فَذَلِکَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَی الم غُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ إِلَی قَوْلِهِ وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ يَنْصُرُ مَنْ يَشَائُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ سَمِعْتُ أَنَّهُمْ ظَهَرُوا عَلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَی هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ إِنَّمَا نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ

Narrated Sa'eed bin Jubair: from Ibn 'Abbas, regarding the saying of Allah, Most High: Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated. In the nearest land (30:1-3) he said: Ghulibat wa Ghalabat (defeated and then victorious). He said: The idolaters wanted the Persians to be victorious over the Romans because they too were people who worshiped idols, while the Muslims wanted the Romans to be victorious over the Persians because they were people of the Book. This was mentioned to Abu Bakr, so Abu Bakr mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he said: 'They will certainly prevail.' Abu Bakr mentioned that to them, and they said: 'Make a wager between us and you; if we win, we shall get this and that, and if you win, you shall get this or that.' He made the term five years, but they (the Romans) were not victorious. They mentioned that to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said: Why did you not make it less (than) - He (one of the narrators said): I think he said: ten? He said: Sa'eed said: Al-Bid' is what is less than then - he said: Afterwards the Romans have been victorious. He said: That is what Allah Most High said: 'Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated' up to His saying: 'And on the day, the believers will rejoice - with the help of Allah. He helps whom He wills (30:1-5).' Sufyan said: I heard that they were victorious over them on the Day of Badr.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ نِيَارِ بْنِ مُکْرَمٍ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ الم غُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَی الْأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ فَکَانَتْ فَارِسُ يَوْمَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ قَاهِرِينَ لِلرُّومِ وَکَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُحِبُّونَ ظُهُورَ الرُّومِ عَلَيْهِمْ لِأَنَّهُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ أَهْلُ کِتَابٍ وَفِي ذَلِکَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ يَنْصُرُ مَنْ يَشَائُ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ وَکَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تُحِبُّ ظُهُورَ فَارِسَ لِأَنَّهُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ لَيْسُوا بِأَهْلِ کِتَابٍ وَلَا إِيمَانٍ بِبَعْثٍ فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَی هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ خَرَجَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَصِيحُ فِي نَوَاحِي مَکَّةَ الم غُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَی الْأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ قَالَ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لِأَبِي بَکْرٍ فَذَلِکَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَکُمْ زَعَمَ صَاحِبُکَ أَنَّ الرُّومَ سَتَغْلِبُ فَارِسَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ أَفَلَا نُرَاهِنُکَ عَلَی ذَلِکَ قَالَ بَلَی وَذَلِکَ قَبْلَ تَحْرِيمِ الرِّهَانِ فَارْتَهَنَ أَبُو بَکْرٍ وَالْمُشْرِکُونَ وَتَوَاضَعُوا الرِّهَانَ وَقَالُوا لِأَبِي بَکْرٍ کَمْ تَجْعَلُ الْبِضْعُ ثَلَاثُ سِنِينَ إِلَی تِسْعِ سِنِينَ فَسَمِّ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَکَ وَسَطًا تَنْتَهِي إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَسَمَّوْا بَيْنَهُمْ سِتَّ سِنِينَ قَالَ فَمَضَتْ السِّتُّ سِنِينَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَظْهَرُوا فَأَخَذَ الْمُشْرِکُونَ رَهْنَ أَبِي بَکْرٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَتْ السَّنَةُ السَّابِعَةُ ظَهَرَتْ الرُّومُ عَلَی فَارِسَ فَعَابَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَی أَبِي بَکْرٍ تَسْمِيَةَ سِتِّ سِنِينَ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَی قَالَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ وَأَسْلَمَ عِنْدَ ذَلِکَ نَاسٌ کَثِيرٌ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَی هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ نِيَارِ بْنِ مُکْرَمٍ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ

Narrated Niyar bin Mukram Al-Aslami: When (the following) was revealed: 'Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated. In the nearest land, and they, after their defeat, will be victorious in Bid' years (30:1-4).' - on the day that these Ayat were revealed, the Persians had defeated the Romans, and the Muslims had wanted the Romans to be victorious over them, because they were the people of the Book. So Allah said about that: 'And on that day, the believers will rejoice - with the help of Allah. He helps whom He wills, and He is the Almighty, the Most Merciful (30:4 & 5). The Quraish wanted the Persians to be victorious since they were not people of the Book, nor did they believe in the Resurrection. So when Allah revealed these Ayat, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, went out, proclaiming throughout Makkah: 'Alif Lam Mim. The Romans have been defeated. In the nearest land, and they, after their defeat, will be victorious, in Bid' years (30:1-4).' Some of the Quraish said: 'Then this is (a bet) between us and you. Your companion claims that the Romans will defeat the Persians in Bid' years, so why have have a bet on that between us and you?' Abu Bakr said: 'Yes.' This was before betting has been forbidden. So Abu Bakr and the idolaters made a bet, and they said to Abu Bakr: 'What do you think - Bid' means something between three and nine years, so let us agree on the middle.' So they agreed on six years; Then six years passed without the Romans being victorious. The idolaters took what they won in the bet from Abu Bakr. When the seventh year came and the Romans were finally victorious over the Persians, the Muslims rebuked Abu Bakr for agreeing to six years. He said: 'Because Allah said: 'In Bid' years.' At that time, many people became Muslims.