Sunan Abi Dawood

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ عَنْ مَالِکٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَلَا کُلُّکُمْ رَاعٍ وَکُلُّکُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ فَالْأَمِيرُ الَّذِي عَلَی النَّاسِ رَاعٍ عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ وَالرَّجُلُ رَاعٍ عَلَی أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ وَالْمَرْأَةُ رَاعِيَةٌ عَلَی بَيْتِ بَعْلِهَا وَوَلَدِهِ وَهِيَ مَسْئُولَةٌ عَنْهُمْ وَالْعَبْدُ رَاعٍ عَلَی مَالِ سَيِّدِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُ فَکُلُّکُمْ رَاعٍ وَکُلُّکُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ

Narrated Abdullah bin Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock. The amir (ruler) who is over the people is a shepherd and is responsible for hs flock ; a man is a shepherd in charge of the inhabitants of his household and he is responsible for his flock ; a woman is a shepherdess in charge of her husband's house and children and she is responsible for them; and a man's slave is a shepherd in charge of his master's property and he is responsible for it. So each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock.

عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ← عَبْدُ اللہِ بْنُ دِینَارٍ ← مَالِكٍ، ← عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ الْبَزَّازُ حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ وَمَنْصُورٌ عَنْ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ لَا تَسْأَلْ الْإِمَارَةَ فَإِنَّکَ إِذَا أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ وُکِلْتَ فِيهَا إِلَی نَفْسِکَ وَإِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ أُعِنْتَ عَلَيْهَا

Narrated Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me: Abdul al-Rahman bin Samurah, do not ask for the position of commander, for if you are given it after asking you will be left to discharge it yourself, but if you are given it without asking you will be helped to discharge it.

عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ ← الْحَسَنُ، ← يُونُسَ وَمَنْصُورٍ ← هُشَيْمٌ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ الْبَزَّازُ

حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ عَنْ إِسْمَعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ قُرَّةَ الْکَلْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَی قَالَ انْطَلَقْتُ مَعَ رَجُلَيْنِ إِلَی النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَتَشَهَّدَ أَحَدُهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ جِئْنَا لِتَسْتَعِينَ بِنَا عَلَی عَمَلِکَ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَخْوَنَکُمْ عِنْدَنَا مَنْ طَلَبَهُ فَاعْتَذَرَ أَبُو مُوسَی إِلَی النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ لَمْ أَعْلَمْ لِمَا جَائَا لَهُ فَلَمْ يَسْتَعِنْ بِهِمَا عَلَی شَيْئٍ حَتَّی مَاتَ

Narrated Abu Musa: I went along with two men to see the Prophet ﷺ. One of them recited tashahhud and said: We have come to you so that you may employ us for your work. The other also said the same thing. He (the Prophet) replied: The most faithless of you in our eyes is the one who asked for it (responsible post). Abu Musa then apologized to the Prophet ﷺ and said: I did not know why they came to you. He did not employ them for anything until he died.

اَبِیْ مُوْسیٰ ← اَبِیْ بُرْدَۃَ ← بِشْرِ بْنِ قُرَّةَ الْکَلْبِيِّ ← أَخِيهِ ← إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ ← خَالِدٌ، ← وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُخَرَّمِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَخْلَفَ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَکْتُومٍ عَلَی الْمَدِينَةِ مَرَّتَيْنِ

Narrated Anas: The Prophet ﷺ appointed Ubn Umm Makthum as a governor of Madina (in his absence) twice.

أَنَسٍ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← عِمْرَانُ الْقَطَّانُ ← عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُخَرِّمِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَی بْنُ عَامِرٍ الْمُرِّيُّ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِالْأَمِيرِ خَيْرًا جَعَلَ لَهُ وَزِيرَ صِدْقٍ إِنْ نَسِيَ ذَکَّرَهُ وَإِنْ ذَکَرَ أَعَانَهُ وَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهِ غَيْرَ ذَلِکَ جَعَلَ لَهُ وَزِيرَ سُوئٍ إِنْ نَسِيَ لَمْ يُذَکِّرْهُ وَإِنْ ذَکَرَ لَمْ يُعِنْهُ

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When Allah has a good purpose for a ruler, He appoints for him a sincere minister who reminds him if he forgets and helps him if he remembers; but when Allah has a different purpose from that for him. He appoints for him an evil minister who does not remind him if he forgets and does not help him if he remembers.

عَائِشَةَ ← أَبِيهِ ← عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، ← زُهَيْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ← الْوَلِیْدُ ← مُوسَی بْنُ عَامِرٍ الْمُرِّيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ عَنْ يَحْيَی بْنِ جَابِرٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ يَحْيَی بْنِ الْمِقْدَامِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِي کَرِبَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَرَبَ عَلَی مَنْکِبِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ أَفْلَحْتَ يَا قُدَيْمُ إِنْ مُتَّ وَلَمْ تَکُنْ أَمِيرًا وَلَا کَاتِبًا وَلَا عَرِيفًا

Narrated Al-Miqdam ibn Madikarib: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ struck him on his shoulders and then said: You will attain success, Qudaym, if you die without having been a ruler, a secretary, or a chief.

جَدِّهِ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِي کَرِبَ ← صَالِحِ بْنِ يَحْيَی بْنِ الْمِقْدَامِ ← يَحْيَى بْنِ جَابِرٍ ← أَبِي سَلَمَةَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، ← عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ حَدَّثَنَا غَالِبٌ الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّهُمْ کَانُوا عَلَی مَنْهَلٍ مِنْ الْمَنَاهِلِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُمْ الْإِسْلَامُ جَعَلَ صَاحِبُ الْمَائِ لِقَوْمِهِ مِائَةً مِنْ الْإِبِلِ عَلَی أَنْ يُسْلِمُوا فَأَسْلَمُوا وَقَسَمَ الْإِبِلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَرْتَجِعَهَا مِنْهُمْ فَأَرْسَلَ ابْنَهُ إِلَی النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ ائْتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ أَبِي يُقْرِئُکَ السَّلَامَ وَإِنَّهُ جَعَلَ لِقَوْمِهِ مِائَةً مِنْ الْإِبِلِ عَلَی أَنْ يُسْلِمُوا فَأَسْلَمُوا وَقَسَمَ الْإِبِلَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَرْتَجِعَهَا مِنْهُمْ أَفَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا أَمْ هُمْ فَإِنْ قَالَ لَکَ نَعَمْ أَوْ لَا فَقُلْ لَهُ إِنَّ أَبِي شَيْخٌ کَبِيرٌ وَهُوَ عَرِيفُ الْمَائِ وَإِنَّهُ يَسْأَلُکَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي الْعِرَافَةَ بَعْدَهُ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي يُقْرِئُکَ السَّلَامَ فَقَالَ وَعَلَيْکَ وَعَلَی أَبِيکَ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي جَعَلَ لِقَوْمِهِ مِائَةً مِنْ الْإِبِلِ عَلَی أَنْ يُسْلِمُوا فَأَسْلَمُوا وَحَسُنَ إِسْلَامُهُمْ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَرْتَجِعَهَا مِنْهُمْ أَفَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا أَمْ هُمْ فَقَالَ إِنْ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يُسْلِمَهَا لَهُمْ فَلْيُسْلِمْهَا وَإِنْ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَرْتَجِعَهَا فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنْهُمْ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَسْلَمُوا فَلَهُمْ إِسْلَامُهُمْ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمُوا قُوتِلُوا عَلَی الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي شَيْخٌ کَبِيرٌ وَهُوَ عَرِيفُ الْمَائِ وَإِنَّهُ يَسْأَلُکَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي الْعِرَافَةَ بَعْدَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْعِرَافَةَ حَقٌّ وَلَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ الْعُرَفَائِ وَلَکِنَّ الْعُرَفَائَ فِي النَّارِ

Narrated Ghalib al-Qattan: Ghalib quoted a man who stated on the authority of his father that his grandfather reported: They lived at one of the springs. When Islam reached them, the master of the spring offered his people one hundred camels if they embraced Islam. So they embraced Islam, and he distributed the camels among them. But it occurred to him that he should take the camels back from them. He sent his son to the Prophet ﷺ and said to him: Go to the Prophet ﷺ and tell him: My father extends his greetings to you. He asked his people to give them one hundred camels if they embraced Islam, and they embraced Islam. He divided the camels among them. But it occurred to him then that he should withdraw his camels from them. Is he more entitled to them or we? If he says: Yes or no, then tell him: My father is an old man, and he is the chief of the people living at the water. He has requested you to make me chief after him. He came to him and said: My father has extended his greetings to you. He replied: On you and you father be peace. He said: My father asked his people to give them one hundred camels if they embraced Islam. So they embraced Islam, and their belief in Islam is good. Then it occurred to him that he should take his camels back from them. Is he more entitled to them or are they? He said: If he likes to give them the camels, he may give them; and if he likes to take them back, he is more entitled to them than his people. If they embraced Islam, then for them is their Islam. If they do not embrace Islam, they will be fought against in the cause of Islam. He said: My father is an old man; he is the chief of the people living at the spring. He has asked you to appoint me chief after him. He replied: The office of a chief is necessary, for people must have chiefs, but the chiefs will go to Hell.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا نُوحُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ کَعْبٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِکٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَائِ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ السِّجِلُّ کَاتِبٌ کَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ has a secretary named Sijill.

ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ← أَبِي الْجَوْزَائِ ← عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِكٍ ← يَزِيدَ بْنِ کَعْبٍ ← نُوحُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ ← قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْأَسْبَاطِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ لَبِيدٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ الْعَامِلُ عَلَی الصَّدَقَةِ بِالْحَقِّ کَالْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَتَّی يَرْجِعَ إِلَی بَيْتِهِ

Narrated Rafi ibn Khadij: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: The official who collects sadaqah (zakat) in a just manner is like him who fights in Allah's path till he returns home.

رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، ← مَحْمُودِ بْنِ لَبِيدٍ ← عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ ← مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ ← عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْأَسْبَاطِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ شِمَاسَةَ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ صَاحِبُ مَکْسٍ

Narrated Uqbah ibn Amir: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: One who wrongfully takes an extra tax (sahib maks) will not enter Paradise.

عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ ← عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ شِمَاسَةَ ← يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، ← مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَقَ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ← عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ محمد النُّفَيْلِيِّ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ ابْنِ مَغْرَائَ عَنْ ابْنِ إِسْحَقَ قَالَ الَّذِي يَعْشُرُ النَّاسَ يَعْنِي صَاحِبَ الْمَکْسِ

Narrated Ibn Ishaq: Sahib maks means one who (receives) tithes (from) people.

ابْنِ إِسْحَقَ ← ابْنِ مَغْرَائَ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَطَّانُ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ وَسَلَمَةُ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ إِنِّي إِنْ لَا أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ وَإِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَکْرٍ قَدْ اسْتَخْلَفَ قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ ذَکَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبَا بَکْرٍ فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْدِلُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَدًا وَأَنَّهُ غَيْرُ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ

Narrated Ibn Umar: Umar said: I shall not appoint a successor, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not appoint a successor. If I appoint a successor (I can do so), for Abu Bakr had appointed a successor. He Ibn Umar) said: I swear by Allah, he did not mention (anyone) but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr. So I learnt he would not equate anyone with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, for he did not appoint any successor.

ابْنِ عُمَرَ ← سَالِمٍ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← مَعْمَرٌ، ← عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ وَسَلَمَةُ