Sunan Abi Dawood

حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ح و حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ قُبَيْسٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ جَبَلَةَ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ جَمِيعًا عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُسْرٍ السُّلَمِيِّ عَنْ أُخْتِهِ وَقَالَ يَزِيدُ الصَّمَّائِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تَصُومُوا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ إِلَّا فِي مَا افْتُرِضَ عَلَيْکُمْ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَحَدُکُمْ إِلَّا لِحَائَ عِنَبَةٍ أَوْ عُودَ شَجَرَةٍ فَلْيَمْضَغْهُ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ مَنْسُوخٌ

Narrated As-Samma sister of Abdullah ibn Busr: The Prophet ﷺ said: Do not fast on Saturday except what has been made obligatory on you; and if one of you can get nothing but a grape skin or a piece of wood from a tree, he should chew it.

أُخْتِهِ ← عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُسْرٍ السُّلَمِيِّ، ← خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ، ← ثَوْرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، ← الْوَلِيدُ جَمِيعًا ← يَزِيدُ بْنُ قُبَيْسٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ جَبَلَةَ ← و، ← سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ← حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ کَثِيرٍ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ح و حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ قَالَ حَفْصٌ الْعَتَکِيُّ عَنْ جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَهِيَ صَائِمَةٌ فَقَالَ أَصُمْتِ أَمْسِ قَالَتْ لَا قَالَ تُرِيدِينَ أَنْ تَصُومِي غَدًا قَالَتْ لَا قَالَ فَأَفْطِرِي

Narrated Juwairiyah, daughter of al-Harith: That the Prophet ﷺ entered upon her on Friday while she was fasting. He asked: Did you fast yesterday ? She said: No. He again asked: Do you intend to fast tomorrow ? She said: No. He said: So break your fast.

جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ، ← حَفْصٌ الْعَتَکِيُّ ← أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← هَمَّامٌ، ← حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ← و، ← قَتَادَةَ ← هَمَّامٌ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِکِ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ اللَّيْثَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّهُ کَانَ إِذَا ذَکَرَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ نَهَی عَنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ يَقُولُ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حِمْصِيٌّ

Narrated Al-Laith: When it was mentioned to Ibn Shihab (al-Zuhri) that fasting on Saturday had been prohibited, he would say: This is a Himsi tradition.

ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← اللَّيْثُ ← ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ← عَبْدُ الْمَلِکِ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ قَالَ مَا زِلْتُ لَهُ کَاتِمًا حَتَّی رَأَيْتُهُ انْتَشَرَ يَعْنِي حَدِيثَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُسْرٍ هَذَا فِي صَوْمِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد قَالَ مَالِکٌ هَذَا کَذِبٌ

Al-Auzai said: I always concealed it, but I found that it became known widely, that is, the tradition on Ibn Busr about fasting on Saturday. Abu Dawud said: Malik said: This is a false (tradition).

الْاَوْزَاعِیُّ ← الْوَلِیْدُ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَمُسَدَّدٌ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ غَيْلَانَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ الزِّمَّانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَی النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ کَيْفَ تَصُومُ فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَی ذَلِکَ عُمَرُ قَالَ رَضِينَا بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيًّا نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ غَضَبِ اللَّهِ وَمِنْ غَضَبِ رَسُولِهِ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ عُمَرُ يُرَدِّدُهَا حَتَّی سَکَنَ غَضَبُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ کَيْفَ بِمَنْ يَصُومُ الدَّهْرَ کُلَّهُ قَالَ لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ لَمْ يَصُمْ وَلَمْ يُفْطِرْ أَوْ مَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ شَکَّ غَيْلَانُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ کَيْفَ بِمَنْ يَصُومُ يَوْمَيْنِ وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا قَالَ أَوَ يُطِيقُ ذَلِکَ أَحَدٌ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَکَيْفَ بِمَنْ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا قَالَ ذَلِکَ صَوْمُ دَاوُدَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَکَيْفَ بِمَنْ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمَيْنِ قَالَ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي طُوِّقْتُ ذَلِکَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَلَاثٌ مِنْ کُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَرَمَضَانُ إِلَی رَمَضَانَ فَهَذَا صِيَامُ الدَّهْرِ کُلِّهِ وَصِيَامُ عَرَفَةَ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَی اللَّهِ أَنْ يُکَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ وَالسَّنَةَ الَّتِي بَعْدَهُ وَصَوْمُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَائَ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَی اللَّهِ أَنْ يُکَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ

Narrated Abu Qatadah: A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: How do you fast, Messenger of Allah? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ became angry at what he said. When Umar observed this (his anger), he said: We are satisfied with Allah as Lord, with Islam as religion, and with Muhammad as Prophet. We seek refuge in Allah from the anger of Allah, and from the anger of His Messenger. Umar continued to repeat these words till his anger cooled down. He then asked: Messenger of Allah, what is the position of one who observes a perpetual fast? He replied: May he not fast or break his fast. Musaddad said in his version: He has neither fasted nor broken his fast. The narrator, Ghaylan, doubted the actual wordings. He asked: What is the position of one who fasts two days and does not fast one day? He said: Is anyone able to do that? He asked: What is the position of one who fasts every second day (i. e. fasts one day and does not fasts the next day)? He (the Prophet) said: This is the fast that David observed. He asked: Messenger of Allah, what is the position of one who fasts one day and breaks it for two days? He replied: I wish I were given the power to observe that. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The observance of three days' fast every month and of one Ramadan to the other (i. e. the fast of Ramadan every year) is (equivalent to) a perpetual fast. I seek from Allah that fasting on the day of Arafah may atone for the sins of the preceding and the coming year, and I seek from Allah that fasting on the day of Ashura' may atone for the sins of the preceding year.

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا مَهْدِيٌّ حَدَّثَنَا غَيْلَانُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ الزِّمَّانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ زَادَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ صَوْمَ يَوْمِ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَيَوْمِ الْخَمِيسِ قَالَ فِيهِ وُلِدْتُ وَفِيهِ أُنْزِلَ عَلَيَّ الْقُرْآنُ

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Abu Qatadah through a different chain of narrators. This version add: He said: Messenger of Allah, tell me about keeping fast on Monday and Thursday. He said: On it I was born, and on it the Quran was first revealed to me.

أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ← عَبْد اللَّه بْنُ مَعْبَدٍ الزِّمَّانِيُّ، ← غَيْلاَنَ، ← مَهْدِيٌّ، ← مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ ابْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ وَأَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ قَالَ لَقِيَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَلَمْ أُحَدَّثْ أَنَّکَ تَقُولُ لَأَقُومَنَّ اللَّيْلَ وَلَأَصُومَنَّ النَّهَارَ قَالَ أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ قُلْتُ ذَاکَ قَالَ قُمْ وَنَمْ وَصُمْ وَأَفْطِرْ وَصُمْ مِنْ کُلِّ شَهْرٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَذَاکَ مِثْلُ صِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أُطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِکَ قَالَ فَصُمْ يَوْمًا وَأَفْطِرْ يَوْمَيْنِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي أُطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِکَ قَالَ فَصُمْ يَوْمًا وَأَفْطِرْ يَوْمًا وَهُوَ أَعْدَلُ الصِّيَامِ وَهُوَ صِيَامُ دَاوُدَ قُلْتُ إِنِّي أُطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِکَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِکَ

Narrated Adb Allah bin Amr bin al-As: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ met me and said: Have I not been informed that you told: I shall stand at prayer all the night, and I shall fast during the day ? He said: I think so. Yes, Messenger of Allah, I have said this. He said: Get up and pray at night and sleep ; fast and break your fast ; fast three days every month: that is equivalent to keeping perpetual fast. I said: Messenger of Allah, I have more power than that. He said: Then fast one day and break your fast one day. That is the most moderate fast ; that is the fast of Dawud (David). He said: I have more power than that. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: There is no fast more excellent that it.

عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ← ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، وَأَبِي سَلَمَةَ، ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← مَعْمَرٌ، ← عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، ← الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي السَّلِيلِ عَنْ مُجِيبَةَ الْبَاهِلِيَّةِ عَنْ أَبِيهَا أَوْ عَمِّهَا أَنَّهُ أَتَی رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَأَتَاهُ بَعْدَ سَنَةٍ وَقَدْ تَغَيَّرَتْ حَالُهُ وَهَيْئَتُهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَا تَعْرِفُنِي قَالَ وَمَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا الْبَاهِلِيُّ الَّذِي جِئْتُکَ عَامَ الْأَوَّلِ قَالَ فَمَا غَيَّرَکَ وَقَدْ کُنْتَ حَسَنَ الْهَيْئَةِ قَالَ مَا أَکَلْتُ طَعَامًا إِلَّا بِلَيْلٍ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتُکَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِمَ عَذَّبْتَ نَفْسَکَ ثُمَّ قَالَ صُمْ شَهْرَ الصَّبْرِ وَيَوْمًا مِنْ کُلِّ شَهْرٍ قَالَ زِدْنِي فَإِنَّ بِي قُوَّةً قَالَ صُمْ يَوْمَيْنِ قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ صُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ قَالَ زِدْنِي قَالَ صُمْ مِنْ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُکْ صُمْ مِنْ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُکْ صُمْ مِنْ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُکْ وَقَالَ بِأَصَابِعِهِ الثَّلَاثَةِ فَضَمَّهَا ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَهَا

Narrated Abdullah ibn al-Harith ; or Uncle of Mujibah al-Bahiliyyah: The father or Uncle of Mujibah al-Bahiliyyah visited the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He then went away and came to him (again) after one year when his condition and appearance had changed. He said: Messenger of Allah, do you not recognize me? He asked: Who are you? He replied: I am al-Bahili who came to you last year. He said: What has changed you? You were looking well, then you were good in appearance? He said: I have only food at night since I departed from you. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Why did you torment yourself? Fast during Ramadan (the month of patience) and fast for one day every month. He said: Increase it for me, for I have (more) strength. He said: Fast two days. He again said: Increase it for me. He said: Fast three days. He again said: Increase it for me. He said: Fast during the inviolable months and then stop; fast during the inviolable months and then stop; fast during the inviolable months and then stop. He indicated by his three fingers, and joined them and then opened them.

أَبِيهَا ← مُجِيبَةَ الْبَاهِلِيَّةِ ← أَبِي السَّلِيلِ ← سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ، ← حَمَّادٍ، ← مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرُ اللَّهِ الْمُحَرَّمُ وَإِنَّ أَفْضَلَ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَفْرُوضَةِ صَلَاةٌ مِنْ اللَّيْلِ لَمْ يَقُلْ قُتَيْبَةُ شَهْرٌ قَالَ رَمَضَانُ

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: The most excellent fast after Ramadan is Allah's month al-Muharram, and the most excellent prayer after the prescribed prayer is the prayer during night.

أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ← أَبِي بِشْرٍ، ← أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، ← مُسَدَّدٌ وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَی حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَی حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ حَکِيمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ صِيَامِ رَجَبٍ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ کَانَ يَصُومُ حَتَّی نَقُولَ لَا يُفْطِرُ وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّی نَقُولَ لَا يَصُومُ

Narrated Uthman bin Hakim: I asked Saeed bin Jubair about fasting during Rajab. He said: Ibn Abbas told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast to such an extent that we thought that he would never break his fast ; and he would go without fasting to such and extent that he would never fast.

عُثْمَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ حَکِيمٍ ← عِيسَى، ← إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى،

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ کَانَ أَحَبَّ الشُّهُورِ إِلَی رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ شَعْبَانُ ثُمَّ يَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: The month most liked by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for fasting was Sha'ban. He then joined it with Ramadan.

عَائِشَةَ ← عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ ← مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ← عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعِجْلِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُوسَی عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ سَلْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَوْ سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِأَهْلِکَ عَلَيْکَ حَقًّا صُمْ رَمَضَانَ وَالَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَکُلَّ أَرْبِعَائَ وَخَمِيسٍ فَإِذَا أَنْتَ قَدْ صُمْتَ الدَّهْرَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد وَافَقَهُ زَيْدٌ الْعُکْلِيُّ وَخَالَفَهُ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ قَالَ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ

Narrated Muslim al-Qurashi: I asked or someone asked the Prophet ﷺ about perpetual fasting. He replied: You have a duty to your family. Fast during Ramadan and the following month, and every Wednesday and Thursday. You will then have observed a perpetual fast.

أَبِيهِ ← عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ ← هَارُونَ بْنِ سَلْمَانَ ← عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ -يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُوسَى- ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعِجْلِيُّ