Sunan Abi Dawood

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَدْرٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عُتْبَةَ إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمُکَاتَبُ عَبْدٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مُکَاتَبَتِهِ دِرْهَمٌ

Narrated Amr bin Shuaib: on his father's authority, told that his grandfather reported the Prophet ﷺ said: A slave who has entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom is a slave as long as a dirham of the agreed price remains to be paid.

جَدِّهِ، ← أَبِيهِ ← عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، ← سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ ← أَبُو عُتْبَةَ إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ ← أَبُو بَدْرٍ؛ ← هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّی حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّاسٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ کَاتَبَ عَلَی مِائَةِ أُوقِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّاهَا إِلَّا عَشْرَةَ أَوَاقٍ فَهُوَ عَبْدٌ وَأَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ کَاتَبَ عَلَی مِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَأَدَّاهَا إِلَّا عَشْرَةَ دَنَانِيرَ فَهُوَ عَبْدٌ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد لَيْسَ هُوَ عَبَّاسٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ قَالُوا هُوَ وَهْمٌ وَلَکِنَّهُ هُوَ شَيْخٌ آخَرُ

Narrated Amr bin Shuaib: On his father's authority, told that his grandfather reported the Prophet ﷺ said: If any slave entered into an agreement to buy his freedom for one hundred uqiyahs and he pays them all but ten, he remains a slave (until he pays the remaining ten); and if a slave entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom for one hundred dinars, and he pays them all but ten dinars, he remains a slave (until he pays the remaining ten). Abu Dawud said: This narrator Abbas al-Jariri is not the same person. They said: It is misunderstanding. He is some other narrator.

جَدِّهِ، ← أَبِيهِ ← عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، ← عَبَّاسٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ، ← هَمَّامٌ، ← عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى،

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ نَبْهَانَ مُکَاتَبِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ تَقُولُ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ کَانَ لِإِحْدَاکُنَّ مُکَاتَبٌ فَکَانَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُؤَدِّي فَلْتَحْتَجِبْ مِنْهُ

Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Muminin: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us: If one of you has a slave, and he enters into an agreement to purchase his freedom, and can pay the full price, she must veil herself from him.

أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ← نَبْهَانَ مُکَاتَبِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ← الزُّهْرِيِّ، ← سُفْيَانَ، ← مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ،

حَدَّثَنَاقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ بَرِيرَةَ جَائَتْ عَائِشَةَ تَسْتَعِينُهَا فِي کِتَابَتِهَا وَلَمْ تَکُنْ قَضَتْ مِنْ کِتَابَتِهَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ ارْجِعِي إِلَی أَهْلِکِ فَإِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ أَقْضِيَ عَنْکِ کِتَابَتَکِ وَيَکُونَ وَلَاؤُکِ لِي فَعَلْتُ فَذَکَرَتْ ذَلِکَ بَرِيرَةُ لِأَهْلِهَا فَأَبَوْا وَقَالُوا إِنْ شَائَتْ أَنْ تَحْتَسِبَ عَلَيْکِ فَلْتَفْعَلْ وَيَکُونُ لَنَا وَلَاؤُکِ فَذَکَرَتْ ذَلِکَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ابْتَاعِي فَأَعْتِقِي فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَائُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ مَا بَالُ أُنَاسٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي کِتَابِ اللَّهِ مَنْ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطًا لَيْسَ فِي کِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَإِنْ شَرَطَهُ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ شَرْطُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ وَأَوْثَقُ

Urwah quoting from Aishah said that Barirah came to her seeking her help to purchase her freedom, and she did not pay anything for her freedom. Aishah said to her: Return to your people ; if you like that I make payment for the purchase of your freedom on your behalf and I shall have the right to inherit from you, I shall do so. Barirah mentioned it to her people, but they refused and said: If she wants to purchase your freedom for reward from Allah, she may do so, but the right to inherit from her shall be ours. She mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Purchase her (freedom) and set her free, for the right of inheritance belongs to only to the one who set a person free. The Messenger of Allah (saw) then stood up and said: If anyone makes a condition which is not in Allah's Book, he has no right to it, even if he stipulates it hundred times. Allah's condition is more valid and binding.

عُرْوَةَ ← ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ← اللَّيْثُ ← حَدَّثَنَاقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ جَائَتْ بَرِيرَةُ لِتَسْتَعِينَ فِي کِتَابَتِهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي کَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَی تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ فِي کُلِّ عَامٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ فَأَعِينِينِي فَقَالَتْ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُکِ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأَعْتِقَکِ وَيَکُونَ وَلَاؤُکِ لِي فَعَلْتُ فَذَهَبَتْ إِلَی أَهْلِهَا وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْوَ الزُّهْرِيِّ زَادَ فِي کَلَامِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي آخِرِهِ مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمْ أَعْتِقْ يَا فُلَانُ وَالْوَلَائُ لِي إِنَّمَا الْوَلَائُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ

Aishah said: Barirah came seeking my help to purchase her freedom. She said: I have arranged with my people to buy my freedom for nine 'uqiyahs: one to be paid annually. So help me. She (Aishah) said: If your people are willing that I should count them ('uqiyahs) out to them all at one time and set you free and that I shall have the right to inherit from you, I shall do so. She then went to her people. The narrator then transmitted the rest of the tradition like the version of al-Zuhri. He added to the wordings of the Prophet ﷺ in the last: What is the matter with people that one of you says: Set free, O so-and-so, and the right of inheritance belongs to me. The right of inheritance belongs to the one who has set a person free.

عَائِشَةَ ← أَبِيهِ ← هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، ← وُهَيْبٌ، ← مُوسَی بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَی أَبُو الْأَصْبَغِ الْحَرَّانِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ ابْنِ إِسْحَقَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ وَقَعَتْ جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُصْطَلِقِ فِي سَهْمِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ أَوْ ابْنِ عَمٍّ لَهُ فَکَاتَبَتْ عَلَی نَفْسِهَا وَکَانَتْ امْرَأَةً مَلَّاحَةً تَأْخُذُهَا الْعَيْنُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا فَجَائَتْ تَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي کِتَابَتِهَا فَلَمَّا قَامَتْ عَلَی الْبَابِ فَرَأَيْتُهَا کَرِهْتُ مَکَانَهَا وَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَيَرَی مِنْهَا مِثْلَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ وَإِنَّمَا کَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِي مَا لَا يَخْفَی عَلَيْکَ وَإِنِّي وَقَعْتُ فِي سَهْمِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ وَإِنِّي کَاتَبْتُ عَلَی نَفْسِي فَجِئْتُکَ أَسْأَلُکَ فِي کِتَابَتِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَهَلْ لَکِ إِلَی مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ قَالَتْ وَمَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أُؤَدِّي عَنْکِ کِتَابَتَکِ وَأَتَزَوَّجُکِ قَالَتْ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ قَالَتْ فَتَسَامَعَ تَعْنِي النَّاسَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَ جُوَيْرِيَةَ فَأَرْسَلُوا مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ مِنْ السَّبْيِ فَأَعْتَقُوهُمْ وَقَالُوا أَصْهَارُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَا رَأَيْنَا امْرَأَةً کَانَتْ أَعْظَمَ بَرَکَةً عَلَی قَوْمِهَا مِنْهَا أُعْتِقَ فِي سَبَبِهَا مِائَةُ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ مِنْ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد هَذَا حُجَّةٌ فِي أَنَّ الْوَلِيَّ هُوَ يُزَوِّجُ نَفْسَهُ

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: Juwayriyyah, daughter of al-Harith ibn al-Mustaliq, fell to the lot of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas, or to her cousin. She entered into an agreement to purchase her freedom. She was a very beautiful woman, most attractive to the eye. Aishah said: She then came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking him for the purchase of her freedom. When she was standing at the door, I looked at her with disapproval. I realised that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would look at her in the same way that I had looked. She said: Messenger of Allah, I am Juwayriyyah, daughter of al-Harith, and something has happened to me, which is not hidden from you. I have fallen to the lot of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas, and I have entered into an agreement to purchase of my freedom. I have come to you to seek assistance for the purchase of my freedom. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Are you inclined to that which is better? She asked: What is that, Messenger of Allah? He replied: I shall pay the price of your freedom on your behalf, and I shall marry you. She said: I shall do this. She (Aishah) said: The people then heard that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had married Juwayriyyah. They released the captives in their possession and set them free, and said: They are the relatives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ by marriage. We did not see any woman greater than Juwayriyyah who brought blessings to her people. One hundred families of Banu al-Mustaliq were set free on account of her. Abu dawud said: This evidence shows that a Muslim ruler may marry a slave woman himself.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُمْهَانَ عَنْ سَفِينَةَ قَالَ کُنْتُ مَمْلُوکًا لِأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتْ أُعْتِقُکَ وَأَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْکَ أَنْ تَخْدُمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا عِشْتَ فَقُلْتُ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَشْتَرِطِي عَلَيَّ مَا فَارَقْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا عِشْتُ فَأَعْتَقَتْنِي وَاشْتَرَطَتْ عَلَيَّ

Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Muminin: Safinah said: I was a slave of Umm Salamah, and she said: I shall emancipate you, but I stipulate that you must serve the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as long as you live. I said: Even if you do not make a stipulation, I shall not leave the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. She then emancipated me and made the stipulation with me.

سَفِينَةَ: ← سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُمْهَانَ، ← عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ ← مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ ح و حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ کَثِيرٍ الْمَعْنَی أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ قَالَ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ مِنْ غُلَامٍ فَذُکِرَ ذَلِکَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ شَرِيکٌ زَادَ ابْنُ کَثِيرٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَأَجَازَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِتْقَهُ

Narrated Abu al-Malih: On his father's authority (this is AbulWalid's version): A man emancipated a share in a slave and the matter was mentioned to the Prophet ﷺ. He said: Allah has no partner. Ibn Kathir added in his version: The Prophet ﷺ allowed his emancipation.

أَبِيهِ ← أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ← أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ ← قَتَادَةَ ← هَمَّامٌ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ کَثِيرٍ الْمَعْنَی ← و، ← هَمَّامٌ، ← أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ کَثِيرٍ أَخْبَرَنِي هَمَّامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيکٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ مِنْ غُلَامٍ فَأَجَازَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِتْقَهُ وَغَرَّمَهُ بَقِيَّةَ ثَمَنِهِ

Narrated Abu Hurairah: A man emancipated his share in a slave. The Prophet ﷺ allowed his (full) emancipation, and required him to pay the rest of his price.

أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، ← النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← هَمَّامٌ، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ،

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّی حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ح و حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوکًا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ آخَرَ فَعَلَيْهِ خَلَاصُهُ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ ابْنِ سُوَيْدٍ

Qatadah narrated with his chain of narrators: The Prophet ﷺ said: If a man emancipates a slave shared by him with another man, his emancipation rests with him (who emancipated his share). This is the version of Ibn Suwaid.

قَتَادَةَ ← شُعْبَةُ ← رَوْحٌ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ ← و، ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ← مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى،

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّی حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ح و حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا لَهُ فِي مَمْلُوکٍ عَتَقَ مِنْ مَالِهِ إِنْ کَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ وَلَمْ يَذْکُرْ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّی النَّضْرَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ ابْنِ سُوَيْدٍ

Qatadah narrated with his chain of narrators. The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone emancipates his share in a slave, he emancipates him (completely) by his property if he has property. The narrator Ibn al-Muthanna did not mention al-Nadr bin Anas. This is the version of Ibn Suwaid.

قَتَادَةَ ← هِشَامُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، ← رَوْحٌ، ← أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ ← و، ← أَبِي ← مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، ← ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّی

حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ يَعْنِي الْعَطَّارَ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيکٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شَقِيصًا فِي مَمْلُوکِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ کُلَّهُ إِنْ کَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ وَإِلَّا اسْتُسْعِيَ الْعَبْدُ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ

Abu Hurairah reported the Prophet ﷺ as saying: If anyone emancipates a share in his slave, he should completely emancipate him if he has money; but if he has none, then slave will be required to work (to pay for his freedom), but he must not be overburdened.

أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، ← بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، ← النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، ← قَتَادَةَ ← أَبَانُ يَعْنِي الْعَطَّارَ ← مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ